人工骨组织仿生结构造型技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 05:25

本文选题：组织工程 + 快速原型技术　；参考：《东北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：人体组织损伤、缺损会导致功能障碍。传统的修复方法是自体组织移植术,虽然可以取得满意疗效,但它是以牺牲自体健康组织为代价的办法,会导致很多并发症及附加损伤；人的器官功能衰竭,采用药物治疗、暂时性替代疗法可挽救部分病人生命,但供体器官来源极为有限,因免疫排斥反应需长期使用免疫抑制剂,由此而带来的并发症有时是致命的。自80年代科学家首次提出“组织工程学”概念以后,为众多的组织缺损、器官功能衰竭病人的治疗带来了曙光。组织工程学是由美国国家科学基金委员会于1987年正式提出和确定的,是应用细胞生物学、生物材料和工程学的原理,研究开发用于修复或改善人体病损组织或器官的结构、功能的生物活性替代物的一门科学。本课题是基于组织工程学和快速原型技术对下颌骨肿瘤病变手术过程中所需的假体替代物设计以及制造技术的研究。针对于组织工程学的概念,本课题提出了通过逆向工程,UG二次开发以及生物医用材料等方法来实现假体替代物的制造。本课题的研究内容有以下四个方面： 1、搜集患者的CT数据信息,根据CT图像应用医学软件(Mimics10.01)和逆向软件(Geomagic Studio10)对骨骼外形进行逆向建模,尽量还原患者下颌骨的真实三维模型,为下面人工骨组织造型技术研究减小误差,打下良好的基础。 2、通过对疾病发病机理和常见发病位置以及骨组织内部微细结构的了解,并根据三维模型以及常见病区位置利用UG截取适当的替换位置,并且简化裁剪的模型形状,总结国内外的人工骨组织模型内部结构,提出笔者自己的建模思想。 3、学习UG二次开发语言,在UG高级仿真模块划分六面体网格并提取节点和连接单元信息。利用UG Open GRIP和C++语言混合编程,并且以GRIP实现核心建模过程,用编程的方法构造出人工骨组织内部三维模型,提高建模效率。 4、利用快速原型技术的理论,将前述模型加工成实体,并且以前述的模型作为模具,以羟基磷灰石作为假体材料,制造出生物活性材料的人工假体。
[Abstract]:Damage to human tissues and defects can lead to dysfunction. The traditional method of repair is autogenous tissue transplantation. Although it can achieve satisfactory results, it is a method at the expense of self-healthy tissue, which can lead to many complications and additional injuries. Temporary replacement therapy can save some patients' lives, but the donor organ source is very limited, and the complications are sometimes fatal because of the long-term use of immunosuppressive agents for immune rejection. Since the concept of "tissue engineering" was first put forward by scientists in 1980's, it has brought light to the treatment of many patients with tissue defects and organ failure. Tissue engineering was formally proposed and determined by the National Science Foundation Committee of the United States in 1987. It applies the principles of cell biology, biomaterials and engineering to research and development of structures used to repair or improve human diseased tissues or organs. A science of functional bioactive substitutes. This paper is based on tissue engineering and rapid prototyping technology to study the design and manufacture of prosthetic substitutes needed in mandibular tumor surgery. In view of the concept of tissue engineering, this paper proposes a method to manufacture prosthetic substitutes by reverse engineering and secondary development of UG and biomedical materials. The research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Collecting CT data information of patients, according to CT image application medical software (Mimics 10.01) and reverse software (Geomagic Studio 10) to carry out reverse modeling of bone shape. Try to reduce the true three-dimensional model of the patient's mandible, so as to reduce the error for the following artificial bone tissue modeling technology. 2. Through the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, the common location of the disease and the internal fine structure of bone tissue, according to the 3D model and the location of the common disease area, the appropriate replacement position was obtained by UG. And simplify the shape of cutting model, summarize the internal structure of artificial bone tissue model at home and abroad, put forward the author's own modeling idea. 3, learn UG secondary development language, The advanced simulation module of UG is divided into hexahedron mesh and the information of node and connection unit is extracted. Using UG Open grip and C language mixed programming, and using grip to realize the core modeling process, using programming method to construct the internal three-dimensional model of artificial bone tissue, to improve the efficiency of modeling. 4. The theory of rapid prototyping technology is used to construct the internal three-dimensional model of artificial bone tissue. The model is processed into an entity and the model is used as a mold and hydroxyapatite is used as a prosthetic material to produce an artificial prosthesis of bioactive material.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.08;R687

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