牙种植引导骨再生心包胶原膜的制备及理化性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 18:14

本文选题：牙种植引导骨再生 + 脱细胞猪心包　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前用来修复牙缺失最常用的手段是牙种植技术,但无论是生理性缺牙造成的骨组织吸收还是外伤性缺牙引起的骨组织缺损,常出现骨量不足引起的牙槽嵴过低、过窄或局部有凹陷现象,进而导致种植失败。引导骨再生技术(GBR)的兴起及临床推广应用使得上述问题得到有效解决,这一技术的核心是生物隔离膜对软组织中成纤维细胞的成功阻挡,生物膜的性能是引导骨再生技术成功的关键,其中包括良好生物相容性、高机械强度、适当降解时间等。本文根据生物膜的性能要求,以组织工程原理为指导,在实验室现有研究及国内外最新研究基础上,采用新的工艺处理猪心包,保留胶原天然网络结构的基础上最大程度的脱除各类免疫细胞,并通过复合壳聚糖来提高心包膜的生物相容性,交联提高其降解时间,得到牙种植引导骨再生心包胶原膜,表征了其各项理化性能:(1)为了优化确定猪心包的脱细胞工艺参数,根据本实验室已完善的猪皮脱细胞工艺(预处理→脱脂→碱膨胀→脱碱→酶软化),设计并探索猪心包脱细胞工艺,采用控制变量法调节材料的用量及作用时间,并检测分析材料的用量及作用时间对脱细胞猪心包拉伸强度、孔隙率、降解时间等理化性能的影响。结果表明:脱细胞猪心包的孔隙率随着碱用量、酶用量的提高,酶作用时间的延长逐渐增大,拉伸强度逐渐降低,降解时间随酶用量的提高及酶作用时间的延长逐渐降低。1.1%的氢氧化钠溶液处理16h,0.4%的胰酶及0.6%的1398蛋白酶溶液处理2h,获得的脱细胞猪心包的拉伸强度为5.78MPa、孔隙率为75.09%、降解时间为 1132min。(2)以(1)中优化的脱细胞工艺制备了脱细胞猪心包,复合不同用量的壳聚糖并交联得到心包膜,通过检测心包膜各项理化性能得出复合不同用量壳聚糖对心包膜性能影响,为第三步的制备牙种植引导骨再生心包胶原膜提供可靠的依据。实验结果显示:心包膜的拉伸强度、孔隙率及降解时间随着壳聚糖复合量的增大均逐渐提高,交联可以明显改善心包膜的拉伸强度、孔隙率及降解时间,壳聚糖在交联过程中起到良好的桥键作用。壳聚糖最佳复合量为1%,获得的脱细胞心包膜的拉伸强度为11.93MPa、孔隙率为79.60%、降解时间为56.5h,制备的心包膜能更好的满足引导骨再生膜理化性能要求。(3)根据(1)、(2)中优化的猪心包脱细胞工艺及复合壳聚糖工艺,结合引导骨再生膜的性能要求,制备了牙种植引导骨再生心包胶原膜,其主要理化性能检测结果表明:交联后的心包胶原膜为微黄色,光滑面与粗糙面清晰可见,且表面无明显杂质;SEM显示心包胶原膜表面的纤维排列紧密有序,但内部结构疏松且呈网状结构,内部结构的纤维束之间孔隙明显,且胶原纤维保持良好的形态,纤维束与纤维束之间亦有更小的纤维连接;新制备的引导骨再生心包胶原膜厚度为0.62mm,拉伸强度为12.46MPa,孔隙率为79.94%,模拟体外降解时间为56.1h,厚度及孔隙率满足临床引导骨再生膜应用要求,拉伸强度能够达到纯胶原膜的10倍以上,机械强度良好。
[Abstract]:At present, the most commonly used means to repair tooth loss is dental implant technology. However, whether it is the bone tissue absorption caused by the physiological lack of teeth or the defect of the bone tissue caused by traumatic teeth, the alveolar ridge which is caused by the lack of bone quantity often leads to the narrow or partial depression, and thus leads to the failure of the implant. The rise of the bone regeneration technique (GBR) is the rise of the technique. The core of this technology is the successful blocking of the biological isolation membrane for the fibroblasts in the soft tissue. The performance of the biofilm is the key to the success of the bone regeneration technology, including good biocompatibility, high mechanical strength and proper degradation time. Performance requirements, on the basis of the principle of Organizational Engineering, on the basis of the existing research in the laboratory and the latest research at home and abroad, a new process is used to deal with the pig heart bag and to retain the natural network structure of collagen to remove all kinds of immune cells, and to improve the biocompatibility of the pericardium membrane through composite chitosan, and improve its reduction by cross linking. In order to optimize the physical and chemical properties of the pericardial pericardium, the collagen membrane of dental implant guided bone regenerative pericardium was obtained. (1) in order to optimize the parameters of the porcine pericardium in order to optimize the process parameters of the porcine pericardium, the process of porcine heart bag dehydration was designed and explored according to the perfect pigskin decellular Technology (preprocessing, degreasing, alkali expansion, alkali removal and enzyme softening) in our laboratory. The effect of the amount and time of the material on the physical and chemical properties of the porcine pericardium, such as the tensile strength, porosity and degradation time of the porcine pericardium, was measured by the variable method. The results showed that the porosity of the porcine pericardium increased with the amount of alkali, the amount of enzyme, the prolongation of the enzyme action time and the tensile strength. The degradation time gradually decreased with the increase of enzyme dosage and the prolongation of enzyme action time, which gradually reduced.1.1%'s sodium hydroxide solution to treat 16h, 0.4% trypsin and 0.6% 1398 protease solution to treat 2H. The tensile strength of the acellular porcine pericardium was 5.78MPa, the porosity was 75.09%, and the degradation time was 1132min. (1) in (1). The porcine pericardium was prepared by technology, and the pericardium membrane was synthesized with different dosage of chitosan and cross-linked. By detecting the physical and chemical properties of the pericardium, the effects of Chitosan on the performance of the pericardium were obtained. The results showed that the third step preparation of dental implant guided bone regeneration pericardium collagen membrane was reliable. The experimental results showed that pericardium membrane was pericardium. The tensile strength, porosity and degradation time increased gradually with the increase of chitosan complex. The cross-linking could improve the tensile strength, porosity and degradation time of the pericardium. Chitosan played a good bridge bond during the crosslinking process. The optimum compound amount of chitosan was 1%, and the tensile strength of the acellular pericardium membrane was 11.93MPa, The porosity is 79.60% and the degradation time is 56.5h. The prepared cardiac capsule can meet the requirements of the physical and chemical properties of the guided bone regeneration membrane better. (3) according to (1) (2) the optimized process of porcine core dehydration and composite chitosan process in (2), combined with the performance requirements of guiding bone regeneration membrane, the main physicochemical properties of the dental implant guided bone regeneration pericardium collagen membrane were prepared. The results showed that the collagen membrane of the pericardium was yellowish, the smooth surface and the rough surface were clearly visible, and there was no apparent impurity on the surface of the pericardium. SEM showed that the fibers on the surface of the pericardium collagen membrane were arranged closely and orderly, but the internal structure was loose and reticular. The inner structure of the fibrous bundles was obvious, and the collagen fibers maintained a good shape. The fiber bundles and fiber bundles also have smaller fiber connections, and the newly prepared guided bone regeneration pericardium collagen membrane is 0.62mm, the tensile strength is 12.46MPa, the porosity is 79.94%, the simulated extracorporeal degradation time is 56.1h, the thickness and porosity can meet the application requirements of the clinical guided bone regeneration membrane, and the tensile strength can reach 10 times of the pure collagen membrane. The mechanical strength is good.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R783.1

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