髋臼发育不良者全髋置换中臼杯置入位置的力学分析

发布时间：2018-07-24 15:11

【摘要】：目的利用三维有限元分析方法,研究髋臼发育不良患者加深磨锉假体置入部位的髋臼骨床、使臼杯假体内移置入对髋臼假体-骨界面间的应力分布情况的影响。方法选取髋关节发育不良患者的骨盆为实验对象,螺旋CT做全长连续扫描,然后利用计算机仿真技术对CT图像进行三维重建,建立髋关节发育不良骨盆模型。在计算机环境中对重建模型进行髋臼磨锉,臼杯假体不同程度内移植入的模拟手术,利用有限元分析软件SolidWorks对重建模型进行有限元网格化及力学分析。结果臼杯假体的内移使臼杯上缘处获得骨床包容,臼杯接触面积更大,单位面积所受应力相对较少。随内移程度加大,髋臼内壁骨质突破更为明显,使髋臼顶部应力集中及其余部分应力不均愈趋明显。结论髋臼加深磨锉臼杯内移植入有助于改善髋关节发育不良病例行髋关节置换臼杯的骨床包容,但随内移程度的加大,髋臼内壁突破,髋臼面的应力集中,髋臼的应力分布情况明显改变,应尽量减少穿破的程度。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the effect of acetabular implant placement on the stress distribution between acetabular prosthesis and bone interface in patients with acetabular dysplasia by using three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEM). Methods the pelvis of the patients with hip dysplasia was selected as the experimental object. Spiral CT scan was performed continuously. Then the CT images were reconstructed by computer simulation technique to establish the pelvic model of hip dysplasia. In the computer environment, the reconstruction model was simulated with acetabular burrs and cup implants in different degrees. The finite element analysis software SolidWorks was used to mesh the reconstructed model and analyze the mechanics of the reconstructed model. Results the inner movement of the cup prosthesis made the upper edge of the cup contain the bone bed, the contact area of the cup was larger, and the stress per unit area was relatively less. With the increase of the degree of internal displacement, the bone breakthrough of the acetabular inner wall became more obvious, and the stress concentration at the top of the acetabular and the uneven stress in the rest of the acetabulum became more and more obvious. Conclusion Transplantation of acetabular burrs in acetabular cup is helpful to improve the bone bed inclusion of acetabular replacement cup in patients with dysplasia of the hip joint. However, with the increase of the degree of internal displacement, the acetabular inner wall breaks through, and the stress concentration on the acetabular surface is concentrated. The stress distribution of acetabulum is obviously changed and the degree of breaking should be reduced as far as possible.
【作者单位】：中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院骨科;
【分类号】：R318.01

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