数字化超声内窥彩色血流成像系统的研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 14:38
【摘要】：随着人类社会进步和医疗技术的发展,医学超声内窥诊断技术成为人类战胜疾病的利器。医学超声诊断技术具有可重复检查、无损、无痛和无离子辐射等优点,因而被广泛应用于临床医学领域。超声内窥彩色血流成像系统经食管导入探头,对各脏器内流动的血液进行检测,得到血流速度、方向等血流动力学参数信息,在临床上可用于对食管和胃底静脉曲张进行检测,也可辅助血管疾病诊断。 医学超声内窥彩色血流成像系统在超声内窥镜的基础上,结合B型超声成像和多普勒血流成像,利用多普勒效应对血流中散射子的运动敏感性对疾病进行诊断。本文在课题组超声脉冲多普勒系统研究的基础上,针对超声内窥彩色血流成像提出了全数字化的信号处理与解决方案,设计了模拟前端电路和数字信号处理电路板,对超声换能器接收的回波信号进行处理,利用现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA)进行系统时序控制和信号处理,搭建基于多普勒效应的物理模型实验装置,进行系统联调实验,通过系统仿真和模拟血流速度检测实验,验证了本系统设计的正确性和有效性。 本论文主要的工作包括: (1)确定超声内窥彩色血流成像系统方案。通过对超声彩色血流成像原理以及多普勒信号特点的详细分析,确定基于FPGA的数字化超声多普勒回波信号处理方案,使用正交解调从载波中解调出基带信息,设计壁滤波器抑制血管壁信号的影响,利用自相关算法估算血流动力学参数。利用超声成像仿真软件Field II进行系统旋转扫描成像仿真。 (2)调试前端模拟电路、设计系统数字电路,获取超声多普勒回波信号。设计前置放大电路和抗混叠滤波电路,完成以FPGA为核心的6层数字电路的PCB设计与电路调试。 (3)完成基于FPGA的系统程序设计。在Quartus II软件环境下,使用Verilog HDL语言编写程序,实现FPGA对系统的时序控制,并在FPGA中实现相应算法和信号处理方法,利用FPGA中的IP核和宏功能模块实现解调、滤波、自相关运算等功能。 (4)搭建了由蠕动泵、模拟血管、模拟血液等组成的超声多普勒实验系统,通过对多普勒血流模型进行实验,验证了系统的正确性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the progress of human society and the development of medical technology, medical ultrasound endoscope diagnosis technology has become a sharp weapon for human to overcome diseases. Medical ultrasonic diagnostic technology is widely used in clinical medicine because of its advantages of repeatability, nondestructive, painless and ion free radiation. Ultrasound endoscope color blood flow imaging system was introduced into the esophagus to detect the blood flow in various viscera. The hemodynamic parameters such as velocity and direction of blood flow were obtained, which could be used to detect esophageal and gastric varices in clinic. It can also assist in the diagnosis of vascular diseases. The color flow imaging system based on ultrasound endoscope combined with B-mode ultrasound imaging and Doppler flow imaging was used to diagnose the disease by using Doppler effect on the motion sensitivity of scatterers in blood flow. Based on the research of ultrasonic pulse Doppler system, this paper presents a digital signal processing and solution scheme for ultrasonic endoscope color flow imaging, and designs analogue front-end circuit and digital signal processing circuit board. The echo signal received by ultrasonic transducer is processed, the timing control and signal processing are carried out by using field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), and a physical model experimental device based on Doppler effect is built. The validity and validity of the system design are verified by system simulation and simulated blood flow velocity test. The main work of this thesis is as follows: (1) to determine the scheme of color flow imaging system. By analyzing the principle of ultrasonic color flow imaging and the characteristics of Doppler signal in detail, the digital ultrasonic Doppler echo signal processing scheme based on FPGA is determined, and the baseband information is demodulated from carrier by quadrature demodulation. A wall filter was designed to suppress the influence of vascular wall signal, and the hemodynamic parameters were estimated by autocorrelation algorithm. The system rotation scan imaging is simulated by ultrasonic imaging simulation software Field II. (2) debug the front end analog circuit, design the digital circuit of the system and obtain the ultrasonic Doppler echo signal. The preamplifier circuit and anti-aliasing filter circuit are designed. The PCB design and circuit debugging of the six-layer digital circuit with FPGA as the core are completed. (3) complete the system program design based on FPGA. In the environment of Quartus II software, programming with Verilog HDL language is used to realize the timing control of FPGA to the system, and the corresponding algorithm and signal processing method are realized in FPGA, and the IP core and macro function module in FPGA are used to realize demodulation and filtering. Autocorrelation operation and other functions. (4) an ultrasonic Doppler experimental system consisting of peristaltic pump, simulated blood vessel and simulated blood was built. The validity and validity of the system were verified by the experiment of Doppler blood flow model.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R310;O426.9
本文编号：2327398
[Abstract]:With the progress of human society and the development of medical technology, medical ultrasound endoscope diagnosis technology has become a sharp weapon for human to overcome diseases. Medical ultrasonic diagnostic technology is widely used in clinical medicine because of its advantages of repeatability, nondestructive, painless and ion free radiation. Ultrasound endoscope color blood flow imaging system was introduced into the esophagus to detect the blood flow in various viscera. The hemodynamic parameters such as velocity and direction of blood flow were obtained, which could be used to detect esophageal and gastric varices in clinic. It can also assist in the diagnosis of vascular diseases. The color flow imaging system based on ultrasound endoscope combined with B-mode ultrasound imaging and Doppler flow imaging was used to diagnose the disease by using Doppler effect on the motion sensitivity of scatterers in blood flow. Based on the research of ultrasonic pulse Doppler system, this paper presents a digital signal processing and solution scheme for ultrasonic endoscope color flow imaging, and designs analogue front-end circuit and digital signal processing circuit board. The echo signal received by ultrasonic transducer is processed, the timing control and signal processing are carried out by using field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), and a physical model experimental device based on Doppler effect is built. The validity and validity of the system design are verified by system simulation and simulated blood flow velocity test. The main work of this thesis is as follows: (1) to determine the scheme of color flow imaging system. By analyzing the principle of ultrasonic color flow imaging and the characteristics of Doppler signal in detail, the digital ultrasonic Doppler echo signal processing scheme based on FPGA is determined, and the baseband information is demodulated from carrier by quadrature demodulation. A wall filter was designed to suppress the influence of vascular wall signal, and the hemodynamic parameters were estimated by autocorrelation algorithm. The system rotation scan imaging is simulated by ultrasonic imaging simulation software Field II. (2) debug the front end analog circuit, design the digital circuit of the system and obtain the ultrasonic Doppler echo signal. The preamplifier circuit and anti-aliasing filter circuit are designed. The PCB design and circuit debugging of the six-layer digital circuit with FPGA as the core are completed. (3) complete the system program design based on FPGA. In the environment of Quartus II software, programming with Verilog HDL language is used to realize the timing control of FPGA to the system, and the corresponding algorithm and signal processing method are realized in FPGA, and the IP core and macro function module in FPGA are used to realize demodulation and filtering. Autocorrelation operation and other functions. (4) an ultrasonic Doppler experimental system consisting of peristaltic pump, simulated blood vessel and simulated blood was built. The validity and validity of the system were verified by the experiment of Doppler blood flow model.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R310;O426.9
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 冯乃章,沈毅,刘志言,王皓;一种获取超声正交信号的有效方法[J];中国生物医学工程学报;2001年06期
2 张平,刘影,高兴斌;超声多普勒自相关彩色血流成像原理和数字实现技术研究[J];中国医疗器械杂志;2001年01期
相关硕士学位论文 前3条
1 赵珩;数字化彩色血流成像系统中若干关键技术的研究[D];清华大学;2003年
2 查鹏;双功能多普勒超声成像仪数字信号处理系统的设计研究[D];电子科技大学;2007年
3 张仁富;高性能TCD的研制[D];西安电子科技大学;2007年
，本文编号：2327398
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/swyx/2327398.html
