胶片按需打印技术研究及系统实现

发布时间：2019-03-08 09:17

【摘要】：胶片在传统的放射科一直是医学影像的主要载体。近年来,随着RIS、PACS等信息系统的引入,胶片在医院放射诊断上的作用正在逐步消失。但是在我国,患者流动性较大,他们往往会向医院索取胶片,以便今后在跨院诊疗等场合中使用,因而胶片在很长一段时间内将继续存在。由于仅有部分患者需要胶片,传统的为每位患者打印胶片的方式不仅会带来胶片的浪费,也会给护士增加分拣、分发胶片等繁杂工作,实现胶片按需打印的需求非常迫切。在传统的工作流程中,放射技师通常会在放射摄影后,在设备工作站上对影像进行必要的预处理和打印排版,并直接打印胶片。由于此时患者对胶片的需求并不明确,如何在不改变原有放射科工作流程的前提下实现按需打印是本论文面临的主要问题。因此,本论文基于虚拟打印机技术实现胶片的按需打印。基于该方法,放射技师仍然按照原有工作流程进行胶片打印操作,但数据并不发送给胶片打印机,而是发送到胶片虚拟打印机,由虚拟打印机进行归档,形成电子胶片。由于电子胶片本身已包含了预处理信息和打印排版信息,因此,一旦患者需要胶片,可在放射报告领取处通过护士直接操作或自助的形式调用打印服务把归档的电子胶片发送到胶片打印机完成实际的胶片打印。本论文首先针对胶片按需打印的两个关键技术开展研究。 ■DICOM打印双向通讯。胶片虚拟打印机不但需接收来自设备工作站的电子胶片数据,也要把数据发送给胶片打印机,因而需同时作为SCP和SCU角色实现DICOM打印的双向通讯。DICOM打印是最复杂的DICOM通讯服务,而且不同设备工作站存在异构性,更增加了实现难度。为此,本论文在详细分析DICOM丁印通讯原理的基础上,提出了一种分层服务的设计方案,不但能实现DICOM打印的双向通讯,而且能针对不同设备工作站的异构性进行自适应处理。 ■电子胶片患者信息识别。胶片虚拟打印机接收到电子胶片后,必须用患者号和检查号进行标识,才能实现按需打印。由于以DICOM标准接收到的电子胶片数据中不包含结构化的患者号和检查号,因而需用OCR技术从二进制影像数据中识别出这些信息。为此,本论文提出了一套基于Tesseract识别引擎,在胶片上识别患者号和检查号的方法,该方法可通过检查-患者匹配策略判别识别结果的正确性。在上述关键技术研究基础上,本论文研发了胶片按需打印系统,具备完整的胶片虚拟打印机功能以及按需打印服务功能。系统已在温州医学院附属第二医院等地开展实践应用,电子胶片的正确匹配率达到了96.5%,对胶片的节省率达到了14.8%。结果表明系统具有良好的可用性,能够有效地减少胶片的浪费。
[Abstract]:Film has always been the main carrier of medical imaging in traditional radiology. In recent years, with the introduction of RIS,PACS and other information systems, the role of film in hospital radiology diagnosis is gradually disappearing. But in our country, the patients are more mobile, they tend to obtain the film from the hospital for future use in cross-hospital diagnosis and treatment and other occasions, so the film will continue to exist for a long time. Because only part of the patients need film, the traditional way of printing film for each patient will not only bring waste of film, but also increase sorting and distribution of film for nurses, so it is very urgent to realize the demand of film printing on demand. In the traditional workflow, radiographers usually pre-process and print the image on the equipment workstation after radiography, and print the film directly. Because the patients' demand for film is not clear at this time, how to print on demand without changing the original workflow of radiology is the main problem in this paper. Therefore, this paper based on virtual printer technology to achieve film printing on demand. Based on this method, radiographers still carry out film printing according to the original workflow, but the data is not sent to the film printer, but is sent to the film virtual printer, which is archived by the virtual printer to form electronic film. Since the electronic film itself already contains pre-processing information and print typesetting information, once the patient needs film, The archived electronic film can be sent to the film printer to complete the actual film printing through the direct operation or self-help of the nurse by calling the printing service at the receiving place of the radiation report. Firstly, two key technologies of film printing on demand are studied in this paper. DICOM print two-way communication. The film virtual printer needs not only to receive electronic film data from the equipment workstation, but also to send the data to the film printer. DICOM printing is the most complex DICOM communication service, and the heterogeneity of different equipment workstations makes it more difficult to implement DICOM printing. The two-way communication of DICOM printing needs to be implemented simultaneously as the roles of SCP and SCU. In this paper, based on the detailed analysis of the principle of DICOM print communication, a layered service design scheme is proposed, which can not only realize the bi-directional communication of DICOM printing, but also carry out adaptive processing for the heterogeneity of different equipment workstations. Electronic film patient information recognition. After the film virtual printer receives the electronic film, it must be identified with the patient number and the check number before it can be printed on demand. Since the electronic film data received by DICOM standard does not contain structured patient numbers and check numbers, it is necessary to recognize these information from binary image data by OCR technology. Therefore, this paper proposes a set of methods based on Tesseract recognition engine to identify patient number and check number on film. This method can distinguish the correctness of recognition result by check-patient matching strategy. On the basis of the above-mentioned key technologies, a film on-demand printing system is developed in this paper, which has the function of film virtual printer and on-demand printing service. The system has been applied in the second affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College. The correct matching rate of electronic film has reached 96.5% and the saving rate of film has reached 14.8%. The results show that the system has good usability and can effectively reduce the waste of film.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R319

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