二氧化钛纳米管生物透析膜的通透性和蛋白质吸附性能研究

发布时间：2019-06-11 01:17

【摘要】：肾脏疾病成为又一个威胁人类健康的重大疾病，目前世界上有超过5亿人口患有不同形式的肾脏疾病，每年有上百万人死于与其相关的心脑血管疾病。由于供体太少使肾脏移植治疗法受到极大的限制，现在血透或血滤替代治疗法成为了肾脏失去功能后一种成功的维持性替代治疗方法。因此，研究生物透析膜对于进行血液透析的肾脏治疗意义重大。采用阳极氧化法制备的二氧化钛纳米管阵列，具有良好的形貌，进行腐蚀以后，可以得到两端通透的纳米管阵列。得到的通透的纳米管阵列可以应用于生物过滤和生物透析领域。本论文首先研究了二氧化钛纳米管阵列的制备工艺，分别采用两步阳极氧化法和化学腐蚀法来消除纳米管表面聚集的“纳米线”，制备出了形貌良好、无“纳米线”的纳米管阵列。通过控制阳极氧化电压参数得到了不同管径的纳米管阵列。同时采用挥发的氢氟酸气体对剥落的二氧化钛纳米膜封闭的底部进行刻蚀，获得两端通透的纳米管阵列。实验表明，对比化学腐蚀法，两步阳极氧化法制备的二氧化钛纳米管阵列形貌更好更稳定；用挥发的HF气体对纳米管阵列底部刻蚀，获得通透纳米管阵列的最佳刻蚀时间为15min。研究了苯酚红、牛血清白蛋白（BSA）在二氧化钛纳米膜上的通透性能以及BSA在二氧化钛纳米膜上的静态吸附和动态吸附过程。采用光电比色计和紫外分光光度计进行苯酚红和BSA的通透研究，探讨了纳米管管径形貌参数对纳米膜通透性能的影响规律。发现管径越大，通透性能越好，且苯酚红的通透性能要优于BSA。采用荧光标记法、红外光谱法（FTIR）、X射线光电子能谱分析（XPS），对比研究了不同管径二氧化钛纳米透析膜以及几种高分子透析膜的蛋白质静态吸附和动态吸附规律。结果表明，蛋白质的吸附量与膜的种类、吸附时间、二氧化钛纳米管管径和蛋白质溶液流速有关。在考察的各种透析膜中，其蛋白质静态吸附的最终吸附量较为一致，一般在8—9μg/mm~2左右。而膜的种类不同会影响到蛋白质动态吸附的最终吸附量；在动态条件下蛋白质在二氧化钛纳米膜上的吸附要小于在高分子膜上的吸附，其最终吸附量分别为6—7μg/mm~2和7—8μg/mm~2。在动态吸附条件下，蛋白质溶液流量为5.5ml/min时的蛋白质吸附量要大于流量为2.5ml/min和8ml/min的蛋白质吸附量。设计并制造了一种新型透析器芯片。采用研制的TiO_2纳米管生物透析膜，并与再生纤维素膜、混合纤维素膜和聚醚砜（PES）膜作对比，分别对含有维生素B12、尿素、磷酸盐的代血浆进行了透析研究。同时在透析器芯片中通入蛋白质溶液，研究蛋白质对透析装置的影响规律。结果表明，TiO_2纳米管生物透析膜的透析性能要优于高分子透析膜，在三种高分子透析膜中混合纤维素膜和PES膜的透析性能要优于再生纤维素膜；对于各种透析膜而言，均是维生素B12的清除率最小，对于再生纤维素膜而言，磷酸盐的清除率较大，，对于其他三种透析膜，尿素的清除率最大。整个的透析过程中，蛋白质的流失率小于16%，而且随时间的延长，流失率变小，基本趋于平衡。虽然在透析膜材料表面会有蛋白质的吸附，但是吸附的蛋白质很少，而且膜表面的大部分孔隙都未被堵塞，蛋白质的吸附不会影响透析器的功能。证实该新型透析器芯片可以应用于血液透析替代人体肾脏过滤功能，为可便携式或可移植式的生物人工肾的研制打下了良好的实验基础。
[Abstract]:Kidney disease is another major disease that threatens human health. There are more than 500 million people in the world with different forms of kidney disease, and millions of people die each year from their associated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Since the donor is too small to limit the renal transplantation therapy, the hemodialysis or hemofiltration replacement therapy has become a successful maintenance alternative to the loss of kidney function. Therefore, the study of the biological dialysis membrane is of great significance in the treatment of the kidney for hemodialysis. The titanium dioxide nanotube array prepared by the method of the anode oxidation has good morphology and can be used for obtaining two-end transparent nanotube array after the corrosion is carried out. Column. The resulting permeable nanotube array can be applied to both biofiltration and biodialysis The preparation process of the titanium dioxide nanotube array is first studied in this paper. The "nano-wire" of the surface aggregation of the nanotubes is eliminated by the two-step anodic oxidation method and the chemical corrosion method, and the nano-TiO2 nanotube array has good morphology and no "nano-wire". The tube array is obtained by controlling the parameters of the anodic oxidation voltage to obtain the nanometer tube with different pipe diameters. and simultaneously, a volatile hydrofluoric acid gas is used for etching the bottom of the stripped titanium dioxide nano-film, so as to obtain the transparent nano-film at the two ends The experiment shows that the morphology of the titanium dioxide nanotube array prepared by the two-step anodic oxidation method is better and more stable compared with the chemical corrosion method, the bottom of the nanotube array is etched with the volatile HF gas, and the optimal etching time of the transparent nanotube array is 15. The permeability of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the titanium dioxide nanomembrane and the static adsorption of BSA on the titanium dioxide nanomembrane were studied. The pass-through study of phenol red and BSA was carried out by a photoelectric colorimeter and an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and the permeability of the nano-membrane was discussed. It is found that the larger the pipe diameter, the better the permeability, and the permeability of the phenol red Compared with BSA, the static adsorption and dynamic properties of the titanium dioxide nano-dialysis membrane and several high-molecular dialysis membranes were studied by means of fluorescence labeling, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the adsorption amount of the protein is the same as that of the membrane, the adsorption time, the diameter of the titanium dioxide nanotube and the dissolution of the protein. The final adsorption capacity of the protein in the various dialysis membranes is more consistent, generally at 8-9 & mu; g/ m And the adsorption of the protein on the titanium dioxide nano-membrane under the dynamic condition is less than that on the high-molecular membrane, and the final adsorption amount of the protein is 6-7 & mu; g/ mm-2 and 7-8 & mu; g, respectively. The protein adsorption capacity of the protein solution at 5.5 ml/ min under dynamic adsorption is more than 2.5ml/ min and 8ml/ min. White matter adsorption. A design and manufacture of a white matter. A new type of dialyser chip was made by using the prepared TiO _ 2 nanotube biological dialysis membrane and comparing with the regenerated cellulose membrane, the mixed cellulose membrane and the polyetheric membrane (PES) membrane, respectively, the generation of plasma containing the vitamin B12, the urea and the phosphate Dialysis was carried out. At the same time, the protein solution was introduced into the dialyser chip to study the effect of protein on dialysis. The results show that the dialysis performance of the TiO _ 2 nanotube bio-dialysis membrane is superior to that of the high-molecular dialysis membrane, and the dialysis performance of the mixed cellulose membrane and the PES membrane in the three high-molecular dialysis membranes is superior to that of the regenerated cellulose membrane; for various dialysis membranes, it is the vitamin B1 2 has the smallest clearance and, for the regenerated cellulose membrane, the clearance of the phosphate is large, for the other three dialysis membranes, urine, In the whole dialysis process, the flow rate of the protein is less than 16%, and the loss rate decreases with the extension of time. And the adsorption of the protein is little, and most of the pores on the surface of the membrane are not blocked, and the adsorption of the protein is not reflected. In response to the function of the dialyzer, it is confirmed that the new type of dialyser chip can be used for hemodialysis instead of the human kidney filtering function, and lays a foundation for the development of a portable or portable biological artificial kidney.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.08

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