降眼压药物对眼压曲线影响的临床研究现状

发布时间：2018-02-17 08:20

本文关键词： 青光眼降眼压药物眼压曲线　出处：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：青光眼是受多因素影响的致盲性疾病,有不同的定义及分类。许多因素加重了青光眼的发生发展,其中高眼压是众所周知的致盲危险因素之一。人体血压在一天内可以不断变化,人体眼压24小时内的变化也是如此。眼压的高低主要取决于房水的生成速率、房水通过前房角排出的阻力和上巩膜静脉压之间的平衡。影响眼压的因素很多,眼内灌注压、眼内血流量、脉络膜膨胀程度、夜间睡眠的姿势等。由于眼压的升高可以多发生在夜间睡眠中,并且眼压的峰值、谷值及波动值对于治疗青光眼有重要的参考价值,因此对于白天眼压控制很好但是病情可以继续发展的部分患者,就需要监测晚间的眼压曲线。目前24小时眼压监测曲线成为确诊青光眼和评估疗效的重要指标之一。青光眼是一种以进行性视神经损害和视野缺损为特征的致盲性眼病,目前不仅仅重视眼压的降低,在病理方面视网膜神经节细胞的进行性凋亡及视神经纤维的丢失也受到了关注。治疗青光眼的方法主要是通过药物或是手术降低眼压以达到保护视神经的目的。控制眼压的有效措施,主要有药物、手术和激光三种方法。青光眼药物的使用可以追溯到1862年,缩瞳药物毒扁豆碱的发现,20世纪随着药物研究的快速发展,p受体阻滞剂、碳酸酐酶抑制剂、前列腺素类似物等抗青光眼药物不断产生。适时给予患者最少剂量和最轻副作用的药物来达到最大的降眼压疗效,是药物治疗的最好选择。目前新研制的青光眼药物层出不穷,但是临床上在给予青光眼患者降眼压药物的时间及频率,到目前为止尚无定论。本文就降眼压药物对24小时眼压曲线影响的临床研究现状进行综述。
[Abstract]:Glaucoma is a blinding disease affected by many factors, which has different definitions and classifications. Many factors aggravate the occurrence and development of glaucoma. High intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the well-known risk factors for blindness. Human blood pressure can change continuously within a day, and so does intraocular pressure within 24 hours. IOP is mainly determined by the rate of aqueous humor production. The balance between the resistance of aqueous humor passing through the anterior chamber angle and the pressure of the upper scleral vein. There are many factors affecting intraocular pressure, intraocular perfusion pressure, intraocular blood flow, degree of choroidal expansion, Sleep postures and so on. Because the elevation of intraocular pressure can occur in night sleep, the peak value, valley value and fluctuation value of intraocular pressure have important reference value for the treatment of glaucoma. So for some patients who have good intraocular pressure control during the day but whose condition can continue to develop, It is necessary to monitor the intraocular pressure curve at night. At present, the 24-hour intraocular pressure monitoring curve has become one of the important indicators for the diagnosis of glaucoma and the evaluation of curative effect. Glaucoma is a kind of blinding eye disease characterized by progressive optic nerve damage and visual field defect. At present, we not only pay attention to the reduction of IOP, The progressive apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells and the loss of optic nerve fiber are also paid attention to in pathology. The main treatment for glaucoma is to reduce intraocular pressure by medicine or surgery to protect the optic nerve. Effective measures to control intraocular pressure, The use of glaucoma drugs can be traced back to 1862, when the mydriatic drug lentil was discovered. In the 20th century, with the rapid development of drug research, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, was developed rapidly. Prostaglandin analogue and other anti-glaucoma drugs are constantly produced. It is the best choice for drug treatment to give patients the least dose and the least side effects to achieve the maximum effect of intraocular pressure reduction. At present, the newly developed glaucoma drugs are emerging in endlessly. However, there is no conclusion on the time and frequency of intraocular pressure relief in glaucoma patients. This article reviews the current situation of clinical research on the effect of intraocular pressure drugs on the 24-hour IOP curve.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R775

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