汾阳市高中生耳鼻咽喉疾病与生活质量调查

发布时间：2018-02-19 18:46

本文关键词： 耳鼻咽喉生活质量高中生　出处：《山西医科大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：对汾阳市高中生耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病及相关症状进行调查，并对该群体生活质量进行研究，了解耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病发病情况及对青少年群体生活质量的影响程度，并探讨自觉症状的严重程度与生活质量间是否存在相关性。方法：问卷调查与专科检查相结合，整群抽取汾阳市两所高中之一汾阳中学全体在校生，发放普适性生活质量调查问卷SF-36，及自制耳鼻咽喉症状采集问卷，集中填写后回收整理。以班为单位集中进行耳、鼻、咽部专科检查，同时简要了解病史，初步确定疾病。按照不同疾病将SF-36问卷结果分组，比较不同疾病及与正常人群之间、各疾病患者之间生活质量是否存在差别；并对生活质量得分与阳性症状发生情况相关性进行分析。结果：①所调查2796名高中生，耳鼻咽喉科疾病总体患病率30.5%，疾病前5位依次为：慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）16%，鼻中隔偏曲8.2%，先天性耳前瘘管3.3%，，慢性扁桃体炎3%，扁桃体肥大2.9%。疾病总体患病率一年级较高且女生高于男生。常见症状自觉报告率前5位依次为：睡眠质量差、易疲劳、鼻塞、学习效率下降、耳鸣。多发疾病各自症状除局部表现外也以睡眠质量差、易疲劳、学习效率下降最为突出。 ②高中生生活质量在SF-36量表8个维度中，以情感角色得分最低，总体健康、心理卫生及总分也较低，生理功能一项得分最高；5种疾病中除扁桃体肥大外均对生活质量造成不同程度影响，以鼻部疾病影响显著，两种鼻部疾病间及两种咽部疾病间生活质量差异不明显。生活质量随着自觉症状数及程度的加重而下降，又以总体健康及情感角色两个维度最为明显。结论：高中生耳鼻咽喉科疾病发病率30.5%，其中以慢性鼻-鼻窦炎为首的鼻、咽部慢性疾病最为多见。其相关症状发生率高、对患者困扰大的是头晕、睡眠质量差、学习效率下降等疾病所致非局部表现。高中生生活质量各维度中心理层面的健康问题较之躯体疾患对他们影响更为深入。常见耳鼻咽喉科疾病对高中生生活质量均有不同程度的影响，其中鼻部疾病对生活质量影响显著。耳鼻咽喉相关症状的发生与生活质量得分呈负相关，随着自觉症状的增多及严重程度的提高，患者生活质量随之下降。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the common diseases and related symptoms of Otolaryngology among senior high school students in Fenyang City, and to study the quality of life of this group, and to understand the incidence of common diseases of Otolaryngology and their influence on the quality of life of adolescents. The relationship between the severity of conscious symptoms and quality of life was discussed. Methods: combined with questionnaire survey and specialized examination, the students of Fenyang Middle School, one of the two high schools in Fenyang City, were selected in cluster, and the questionnaire SF-36 was distributed to investigate the universal quality of life, and the self-made questionnaire was used to collect the symptoms of ear, nose, throat and throat. Taking the class as the unit to carry out the specialized examinations of ear, nose and pharynx, and at the same time to understand the history of the disease briefly, and to identify the disease. According to the results of SF-36 questionnaire, the results of the SF-36 questionnaire were grouped according to the different diseases, and the differences between the different diseases and the normal population were compared. The relationship between QOL scores and positive symptoms was analyzed. And there were 2,796 high school students in the 1: 1 survey. The total prevalence rate of otorhinolaryngology is 30.5%, the first five diseases are CRS16, nasal septum deviation 8.2, congenital preauricular fistula 3.3%, chronic tonsillitis 3%, tonsil hypertrophy 2.9%. The overall prevalence of the disease is higher and higher in the first grade. The rate of conscious reporting of common symptoms in female students was higher than that in boys, and the top five were as follows: poor sleep quality, poor sleep quality and poor sleep quality. Fatigue, nasal obstruction, learning efficiency decline, tinnitus. In addition to local symptoms of multiple diseases in addition to poor sleep quality, easy to fatigue, the most prominent decline in learning efficiency. 2 among the eight dimensions of SF-36, the scores of affective role were the lowest, the overall health, mental health and total score were also lower. Among the five diseases with the highest score of physiological function, except tonsil hypertrophy, the quality of life was affected in varying degrees, especially in nasal diseases. There was no significant difference in the quality of life between the two nasal diseases and the two pharyngeal diseases. The quality of life decreased with the increase of the number and degree of conscious symptoms, and the two dimensions of general health and emotional role were the most obvious. Conclusion: the incidence of otorhinolaryngology diseases in senior high school students is 30.5%, of which chronic rhinosinusitis is the most common. The mental health problems in all dimensions of high school students' quality of life are more profound than those of physical diseases. The common diseases of otorhinolaryngology affect the quality of life of high school students. Have different degrees of influence, The incidence of otorhinolaryngal-related symptoms was negatively correlated with the scores of quality of life. With the increase of conscious symptoms and the improvement of severity, the quality of life of patients decreased.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R76

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