儿童鼻部肿瘤的临床病理和影像学分析

发布时间：2018-03-25 00:01

  本文选题：儿童　切入点：鼻窦肿瘤　出处：《临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2017年20期

【摘要】：目的:加深对儿童鼻部肿瘤的发病情况、临床病理组织学及影像学特点的全面了解,提高临床诊断和鉴别诊断水平。方法:收集经活检或术后病理确诊的40例鼻部肿瘤患儿的资料,总结其临床特征、病理组织学及影像学特点。结果:良性肿瘤23例,恶性肿瘤17例。良性肿瘤以纤维血管瘤(7例)、毛细血管瘤(4例)及骨化纤维瘤(4例)为主;恶性肿瘤以淋巴瘤(10例)及胚胎型横纹肌肉瘤(3例)为主。10例病变主要位于鼻窦,7例病变局限于鼻腔或鼻前庭,8例鼻腔鼻窦均受累,10例病变位于鼻咽部和(或)后鼻孔,3例位于外鼻,2例位于鼻中隔。CT或MRI表现:骨质破坏13例,骨质吸收5例,14例累及邻近结构,6例伴颈部淋巴结肿大。结论:儿童鼻部肿瘤以淋巴瘤、纤维血管瘤、毛细血管瘤、骨化纤维瘤和胚胎型横纹肌肉瘤较常见,其临床症状不典型,诊断及鉴别诊断主要依靠病理及影像学检查,CT和MRI能很好地显示肿瘤的部位、周围骨质改变情况和邻近结构侵犯,对肿瘤的临床诊断、分期、治疗方案的制定及预后评估具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the incidence of nasal neoplasms, clinical histopathology and imaging features in children. Methods: 40 cases of nasal neoplasms confirmed by biopsy or postoperative pathology were collected, and their clinical features, histopathological and imaging features were summarized. In 17 cases of malignant tumor, 7 cases of fibroangioma, 4 cases of capillary hemangioma and 4 cases of ossifying fibroma were the main benign tumors. Malignant neoplasms (n = 10) and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 3). 10 cases were mainly located in nasal sinus, 7 cases were located in nasal cavity or nasal vestibule, 8 cases were involved in nasal cavity and paranasal sinus, 10 cases were located in nasopharynx and (or). The posterior nostril in 3 cases was located in the external nasal canal. 2 cases were located in the nasal septum. Ct or MRI: bone destruction was found in 13 cases. Bone resorption in 14 cases involved adjacent structure in 6 cases with cervical lymph node enlargement. Conclusion: lymphoma, hemangioma, capillary hemangioma, ossification fibroma and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma are more common in children with nasal tumors. Its clinical symptoms are not typical. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis mainly depend on pathological and imaging examination. Ct and MRI can well show the location of tumor, the changes of surrounding bone and the invasion of adjacent structure, and the clinical diagnosis and staging of the tumor. It is very important to make treatment plan and evaluate prognosis.
【作者单位】： 广西医科大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科;
【分类号】：R739.62
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本文编号：1660616