小型猪听性脑干反应分析及脉冲噪声暴露后的变化

发布时间：2018-03-29 10:53

本文选题：小型猪　切入点：听性脑干反应　出处：《中华耳科学杂志》2016年06期

【摘要】：目的了解健康小型猪的听性脑干反应特征,以及脉冲噪声暴露后其听性脑干反应的变化特点。方法健康小型猪分别给予30、50、80及100次脉冲噪声暴露,并于噪声暴露前以及暴露后即刻、1、2、4、8周进行听性脑干反应测定,了解其听性脑干反应特征及变化情况。结果健康小型猪的听性脑干反应波形包括五个典型的波峰,与其他物种一致。短声刺激下其阈值平均为25±5 d B SPL。高强度脉冲噪声暴露后,其听性脑干反应阈值显著提高。50次以上暴露即可导致无法引出可识别的听性脑干反应波形。其纯音听性脑干反应阈值在4、8、16、20k Hz和32k Hz频率也于暴露后增高。暴露后即刻,各实验组阈值均大于90 d B SPL。暴露后1周,各实验组动物ABR阈值都有不同程度的恢复,但暴露后1周内恢复较快,第2至第8周时,听阈位移趋势基本稳定。噪声暴露后1至8周,ABR阈值在4k Hz,8k Hz,16k Hz、20k Hz和32k Hz频率恢复趋势与短声刺激一致,各频率ABR阈值比较差异无统计意义。随着时间的延长,在不同频率区间内,虽然存在听阈的阈移,但是ABR波形分化较差。讨论小型猪ABR波形与啮齿类及人类相似,但小型猪ABR对脉冲噪声的敏感性较啮齿类动物更强,且恢复期更短。此外,由于小型猪与人类在基因、解剖及病理生理学上都具有较高的相似性,因此可能是听觉研究方面理想的大型哺乳动物模型。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the characteristics of auditory brainstem response in healthy miniature pigs and the changes of auditory brainstem response after impulse noise exposure. Auditory brainstem responses were measured before and immediately after noise exposure for 8 weeks to understand the characteristics and changes of auditory brainstem responses. Results the auditory brainstem response waveforms of healthy miniature pigs included five typical peaks. The threshold was 25 卤5 d B SPL.After high intensity pulse noise exposure, the average threshold was 25 卤5 d B SPL.After exposure to high intensity pulse noise, The auditory brainstem response threshold increased significantly by more than 50 exposures, which resulted in the indiscernibility of auditory brainstem response waveforms. The pure tone auditory brainstem response thresholds were also increased at the frequencies of 20 kHz and 32kHz after exposure. The threshold of each experimental group was more than 90 d B SPL.After the first week of exposure, the ABR threshold of each experimental group recovered to varying degrees, but it recovered more quickly within one week after exposure, and from the second to the eighth week. The trend of auditory threshold displacement is basically stable. The recovery trend of threshold at the frequencies of 4kHz ~ 8kHz and 32kHz at the frequency of 16kHz and 32kHz after noise exposure is consistent with that of short sound stimulation, and there is no statistical significance in comparison of the threshold of ABR between different frequencies, and with the prolongation of time, there is no statistical significance. In the different frequency range, although there is threshold shift of hearing threshold, the ABR waveform is poor. It is discussed that the ABR waveform of miniature pig is similar to rodents and humans, but the sensitivity of miniature pig ABR to impulse noise is stronger than that of rodent. In addition, the miniature pig and human have high similarity in gene, anatomy and pathophysiology, so it may be an ideal large mammal model in auditory research.
【作者单位】：首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科;解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科聋病教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家863青年科学家项目(2014AA020510) 国家973计划重大科学研究计划干细胞项目(2012CB967900) 国家科技部新药创制重大专项(2014ZX09J14101-06C) 国家自然科学基金项目(NSFC 81470700) 中国科协创新驱动助力工程(2016CXQD01)
【分类号】：R764

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