猫眼外肌及其神经支配的形态解剖学特点

发布时间：2018-04-26 18:56

本文选题：幼猫 + 眼外肌及神经　；参考：《青岛大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的观察正常猫的眼外肌及其神经支配的形态特点,比较并分析与人的同名结构在形态解剖上的异同。方法采用大体解剖学方法对8只幼猫和3具成年尸头的眼外肌及神经支配的起止点、走形、毗邻行解剖学观察,测量眼外肌的长度、肌腱的长度、肌止点的宽度和肌止点离角膜缘的距离。结果(1)猫的眼外肌除了具有眼球牵缩肌外,其余四条直肌(即上直肌、下直肌、内直肌、外直肌)、两条斜肌(上斜肌、下斜肌)和一条提上睑肌跟人的同名结构的起止点,走形和毗邻等特点相同。(2)猫和人的四条直肌中,肌肉长度和肌腱长度均是外直肌最长,内直肌最短；肌止点宽的测量中,猫的内直肌最宽,其次为外直肌,上直肌,下直肌最窄。人的内直肌最宽,其次为上直肌、外直肌,下直肌最窄。(3)猫的眼眶内的神经分布、起止点、走行和毗邻与人的眼眶内同名结构相似,但猫的额神经没有眶上神经和滑车上神经分支。结论猫的眼外肌及眶内神经的分布、起止点、走形和毗邻跟人的同名结构有较高的相似性,猫可以作为临床上研究眼外肌及其神经支配的实验动物。
[Abstract]:Objective to observe the morphologic characteristics of the extraocular muscle and its innervation in normal cats, and to compare and analyze the similarities and differences between the structures of the same name and those of the human. Methods the starting and ending points of extraocular muscle and nerve innervation of 8 kittens and 3 adult cadaveric heads were observed by general anatomy. The length of extraocular muscles and tendons were measured. The width of the muscle stop and the distance between the muscle stop and the limbus cornea. Results 1) in addition to the constrictor muscle, the other four rectus muscles (i.e. superior rectus, inferior rectus, internal rectus, external rectus), two oblique muscles (superior oblique, inferior oblique) and one levator palpebrae were the starting and ending points of the same name structure of the human being, the other four rectus muscles were superior rectus muscle, inferior rectus muscle, medial rectus muscle, external rectus muscle, superior oblique muscle and inferior oblique muscle. Of the four rectus muscles of cat and human, the length of muscle and tendon are the longest and the shortest of the external rectus and the inner rectus, and the width of the inner rectus of the cat is the widest, the second is the external rectus and the superior rectus. The inferior rectus muscle is the narrowest. The inner rectus muscle is the widest, followed by the superior rectus muscle, the outer rectus muscle and the inferior rectus muscle. But the cat's frontal nerve has no branch of the supraorbital nerve and the superior trochlear nerve. Conclusion there is a high similarity between the distribution of the extraocular muscle and the intraorbital nerve, the starting and ending points, the stride and the contiguous structure with the human. The cat can be used as a clinical experimental animal to study the extraocular muscle and its innervation.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R77

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