中国儿童1987与2006年视力残疾分析

发布时间：2018-05-15 08:03

  本文选题：视力残疾 + 患病率　； 参考：《中国公共卫生》2017年12期

【摘要】：目的分析1987和2006年中国儿童视力残疾患病率、分布特征、影响因素和致残原因。方法利用1987和2006年2次全国残疾人抽样调查数据,以0~14岁儿童为研究对象,χ2检验分析不同儿童视力残疾分布的差异,非条件logistic回归分析儿童视力残疾的影响因素。结果 1987—2006年,中国儿童视力残疾标化现患率从86.37/10万升至108.38/10万,提高了25.49%,但盲和低视力的变化方向不同,盲的标化现患率下降了10.21%,低视力标化现患率则提高了56.06%。多因素分析表明,1987年,不同性别、年龄儿童视力残疾发生率差异有统计学意义;2006年,不同年龄、民族、家族规模、区域的儿童视力残疾发生率差异有统计学意义。1987和2006年前2位致残原因均分别是遗传或先天异常、屈光不正或弱视,分别共占66.24%和70.91%,与1987年相比,2006年遗传或先天异常致残占比下降,屈光不正或弱视占比上升。结论 1987—2006年20年间,中国儿童视力残疾现患率上升,但盲与低视力现患率的变化不同;相对于1987年,2006年社会经济因素成为影响中国儿童视力残疾的重要因素;致残原因构成的变化可能是儿童视力残疾构成变化的原因之一。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the prevalence, distribution, influencing factors and causes of visual disability in Chinese children in 1987 and 2006. Methods based on the data of two national sample surveys of disabled people in 1987 and 2006, children aged 14 years old were studied. 蠂 2 test was used to analyze the differences in the distribution of visual disability in different children. The influencing factors of visual disability in children were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results from 1987 to 2006, the standardized prevalence rate of visual acuity in Chinese children increased from 86.37 / 100 000 to 108.38 / 100 million, which increased 25.49%, but the change direction of blindness and low vision was different. The standardized prevalence rate of blindness decreased 10.21%, and the rate of low vision standardized incidence increased 56.06%. Multivariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of visual disability among children of different genders and ages in 1987, and in 2006, children of different ages, nationalities, and family size, There were significant differences in the incidence of visual disability in children in different regions. In 1987 and 2006, the first two causes of disability were genetic or congenital abnormality, ametropia or amblyopia, respectively. 66.24% and 70.91%, respectively. Compared with 1987, the proportion of disability caused by genetic or congenital abnormality decreased, and the proportion of ametropia or amblyopia increased. Conclusion from 1987 to 2006, the prevalence rate of visual disability in Chinese children increased, but the incidence of blindness was different from that of low visual acuity, compared with 1987, social and economic factors became the important factors affecting the visual disability of Chinese children. Changes in the composition of disability may be one of the reasons for changes in the composition of visual disability in children.
【作者单位】： 北京大学人口研究所;北京大学第三医院眼科;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目(09&ZD072)
【分类号】：R181.3;R77
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本文编号：1891644