鼻咽癌组织及细胞的拉曼光谱检测与分析

发布时间：2018-05-28 16:04

本文选题：拉曼光谱 + 鼻咽癌　；参考：《福建师范大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：鼻咽癌(Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, NPC)是危害人类健康和生命的头颈部癌症之一,其发病率居耳鼻喉科恶性肿瘤之首。长期以来鼻咽癌诊断漏诊率较高,早期特别是Ⅰ期诊断率不高,而早期诊断后进行有效治疗是提高鼻咽癌患者生存率和降低死亡率的关键因素之一。本文利用拉曼光谱技术针对鼻咽癌组织、鼻咽正常组织及三种不同种类的鼻咽癌细胞开展一系列的拉曼光谱测量与分析,探讨鼻咽组织癌变过程中生化物质组成的变化,进而寻求实现鼻咽癌早期诊断的新方法,并在此基础上结合当今技术发展及临床需求,开展活体生物组织拉曼光谱测量装置的研究。本文首先简要介绍了拉曼光谱的基本原理；综述了拉曼光谱技术在生物医学中的研究进展,并针对拉曼光谱数据处理方法进行了较为详细的分析与讨论。其次,利用显微拉曼光谱仪及一套自行研制的快速拉曼光谱检测系统针对鼻咽癌组织、鼻咽正常组织及鼻咽癌细胞开展拉曼光谱测量与分析,分析鼻咽组织癌变过程中生化物质组成的变化,并主要通过主成分分析和判别分析构建判别算法,对鼻咽癌变组织与鼻咽正常组织以及三种不同种类的细胞进行判别,探讨正常组织与癌变组织以及不同细胞间的差别。最后,利用一台半导体激光器、光栅光谱仪、CCD探测器及鼻咽内窥镜,设计、组装了一套可能应用于生物组织活体测量的拉曼光谱快速检测系统,并在小鼠模型上进行尝试。初步结果表明,该系统可在短时间内(3-5s)获得活体组织的高质量拉曼光谱信号,具有较高的应用潜力。研究结果表明,拉曼光谱技术在区分鼻咽正常组织和鼻咽癌变组织以及不同种类的鼻咽细胞等方面具有巨大的潜力,所构建的快速拉曼光谱检测系统可用于活体组织测量。本文研究结果将为拉曼光谱在鼻咽癌早期检测进而拓展拉曼光谱在生物医学中的应用提供重要的实验和理论依据。
[Abstract]:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the head and neck cancers that endanger human health and life. For a long time, the rate of missed diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is high, but the rate of early diagnosis, especially stage I diagnosis is not high, and effective treatment after early diagnosis is one of the key factors to improve the survival rate and reduce the mortality rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. In this paper, a series of Raman spectroscopy was used to measure and analyze nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues, nasopharyngeal normal tissues and three kinds of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and to investigate the changes of biochemical composition during nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis. Furthermore, a new method for early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is sought. Based on this, the research of Raman spectrometer for living tissue is carried out in combination with the development of current technology and clinical demand. In this paper, the basic principle of Raman spectroscopy is briefly introduced, the research progress of Raman spectroscopy in biomedicine is reviewed, and the methods of Raman spectrum data processing are analyzed and discussed in detail. Secondly, Raman spectroscopy was used to measure and analyze nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue, nasopharyngeal normal tissue and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by using micro-Raman spectrometer and a set of self-developed rapid Raman spectrum detection system. The changes of biochemical composition in nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis were analyzed, and the discriminant algorithm was constructed by principal component analysis and discriminant analysis to distinguish nasopharyngeal carcinoma from normal nasopharynx and three different types of cells. To explore the difference between normal tissue and cancerous tissue and different cells. Finally, using a semiconductor laser, a grating spectrometer, a CCD detector and a nasopharyngeal endoscope, a rapid Raman spectrum detection system is designed and assembled, which may be applied to the in vivo measurement of biological tissue. The preliminary results show that the system can obtain high quality Raman spectra of living tissues in a short time, and has a high potential for application. The results show that Raman spectroscopy has great potential in distinguishing nasopharyngeal normal tissues from nasopharyngeal cancerous tissues and different types of nasopharyngeal cells. The results of this study will provide an important experimental and theoretical basis for the early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the application of Raman spectroscopy in biomedicine.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R739.63

【引证文献】