突发性耳聋伴眩晕的前庭自旋转试验结果分析
发布时间：2018-08-04 14:22
【摘要】：目的 突发性耳聋(sudden deafness, SD)是耳鼻咽喉头颈外科常见的耳科疾病,是一种原因不明的在短时间内听力突然下降的疾病。目前大多认为与内耳微循环障碍、病毒感染、窗膜破裂、变态反应、血管纹功能不良及代谢障碍等有关。突发性耳聋患者常伴有眩晕,故对于突发性耳聋患者前庭功能的研究日益深入,现有的研究通过对突发性耳聋患者进行前庭功能检查证实其存在前庭功能障碍,也表明前庭功能正常与否对突发性耳聋的预后有一定的影响。前庭自旋转试验(Vestibular Autorotation Test, VAT)是通过前庭眼动反射(/estibulo-ocular Reflex, VOR)评估前庭功能的新兴高频检查方法之一,其检测频率为2.0～6.0Hz,其频率范围接近于人体日常生活的正常运动频率,广泛的应用于前庭疾病的检查及前庭功能的评估。本文通过正常人与突发性耳聋伴眩晕患者的VAT结果比较分析,探讨突发性耳聋伴眩晕的VAT结果特性及其成因,为临床上突发性耳聋患者的前庭系统的功能评估及前庭康复等方面提供可靠有效的依据。 方法 设定正常人为对照组,突发性耳聋伴眩晕患者为实验组,进行对照试验研究。正常对照组为我院医护人员及家属共78例,男41例,女37例,年龄10～82岁,平均44.8±9.4岁,听力和视力要求正常,既往无耳科学相关病史(如耳鸣耳聋、中耳炎,也无平衡障碍、眩晕等),无高血压病、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病、神经科疾病、颈椎病等病史,无烟酒嗜好。实验组病例为2009年3月至2011年5月就诊于天津市第一中心医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的突发性耳聋伴眩晕患者229例,男97例,女132例,年龄14～79岁,平均49.7±11.6岁。突发性耳聋的诊断符合中华医学会耳鼻咽喉科学会制定的诊断依据,神经学检查无中枢病变体征,影像学排除听神经瘤、颅脑缺血或出血性病变。应用美国WSR的VAT检测仪对两组研究对象分别进行水平、垂直VAT测试。VAT检测共有水平眼动增益、垂直眼动增益、水平眼动相位、垂直眼动相位、水平眼动非对称五项指标。增益等于眼动速度/头动速度,是VOR的强度指标,正常增益接近1,异常结果具有高、低增益两种；相位的实质是与头动输入信息相对应的眼动信息输出的时间差异,代表VOR对适宜刺激的反应敏感度,VOR相位异常结果具有高、低相位两种,两者的本质都属于相位延迟,高相位提示更严重的相位延迟。而非对称值则取自各频率左右方向的眼动速度比,表示左右侧前庭系统功能的强度差异,各个频率的非对称正常参考值为0±10%,负值表示左侧、正值则为右侧。在VAT水平及垂直测试的增益和相位、水平非对称五项参数指标中出现一项或一项以上异常即评定为该试验阳性,水平或垂直测试中的增益及相位任意一项异常均记为增益或相位异常。统计分析应用SPSS16.0统计软件,计量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)或中位数表示,并进行正态分布检验,计数资料以百分率表示,进行t检验与χ2检验。P0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果 1对照组与系统自带正常参考值比较：对照组的水平增益、水平相位、垂直增益及垂直相位四项指标在频率为2,3,4,5,6Hz的频段的均值与参考值比较,差异均无统计学意义,P0.05。非对称值在频率为2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10Hz的频段的均值与参考值比较,差异均无统计学意义,P0.05。 2实验组的结果分析：实验组229例中VAT异常者为214例(93.4%),增益异常为156例(68.1%),相位异常为182例(79.5%),非对称异常143例(62.4%)； 2.1增益异常包括：仅水平增益异常为103例(44.9%),仅垂直增益异常为19例(8.3%),水平增益与垂直增益均异常34例(14.8%)；高增益92例(40.2%),低增益98例(42.8%),二者比较卡方检验,差异无统计学意义,P0.05；水平增益中高增益者64例(27.9%),低增益者73例(31.9%),二者比较卡方检验,差异无统计学意义,P0.05；垂直增益中高增益者28例(12.2%),低增益者25例(10.9%),二者比较卡方检验,差异无统计学意义,P0.05。 2.2相位异常包括：仅水平相位异常为47例(20.5%),仅垂直相位异常为65例(28.4%),水平相位与垂直相位均异常70例(30.6%)；高相位198例(86.5%),低相位54例(23.6%),二者比较卡方检验,差异有统计学意义,P0.05；水平相位中高相位者65例(28.4%),低相位者52例(22.7%),二者比较卡方检验,差异无统计学意义,P0.05；垂直相位中高相位者133例(58.1%),低相位者2例(0.9%),二者比较卡方检验,差异有统计学意义,P0.05。 3对照组与实验组比较： 3.1对照组与实验组的VAT阳性结果比较：对照组78例中VAT异常率为9%(7例),增益异常率为5.1%(4例),相位异常率为6.4%(5例),非对称异常率3.8%(3例)；实验组229例中VAT异常率为93.4%.(214例),增益异常率为68.1%(156例),相位异常率为79.5%(182例),非对称异常率62.4%(143例)。以上两组各阳性率比较卡方检验,P值均=0.000,差异均有统计学意义。 3.2对照组与实验组的VAT五项指标结果均值比较： 3.2.1两组水平增益比较：在频率为2,3,4,5,6Hz的频段的均值比较t检验,在4Hz处两组的水平增益均值差异无统计学意义,P0.05,在2、3、5、6Hz处两组水平增益均值的差异均具有统计学意义,P值均0.05。 3.2.2两组水平相位比较：在频率为2,3,4,5,6Hz的频段的均值比较t检验,在2Hz处两组的水平相位均值差异无统计学意义,P0.05,在3、4、5、6Hz处两组水平相位均值的差异均具有统计学意义,P值均0.05。 3.2.3两组垂直增益比较：在频率为2,3,4,5,6Hz的频段的均值比较t检验,在3、4、5Hz处两组的垂直增益均值差异无统计学意义,P0.05,在2、6Hz处两组垂直增益均值的差异均具有统计学意义,P值均0.05。 3.2.4两组垂直相位比较：在频率为2,3,4,5,6Hz的频段的均值比较t检验,差异均具有统计学意义,P值均0.05。 3.2.5两组非对称结果比较：在频率为2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10Hz的频段的均值比较t检验,差异均具有统计学意义,P均0.05。 结论 本实验室的VAT正常值与系统的参考值相符,结果客观可靠。VAT的增益指标在突发性耳聋伴眩晕患者可以存在高增益,也可以存在低增益；高增益提示前庭中枢功能减退使得前庭眼反射亢进,低增益提示前庭末梢感应能力下降,其增益的高低与其病因和前庭损伤范围有关。其相位指标在突发性耳聋伴眩晕患者中呈现垂直相位全频段增高的特征,提示其前庭眼反射延迟。其非对称均存在异常,可以提示病变的侧别。VAT的增益指标有益于突发性耳聋伴眩晕患者前庭系统损伤的定性评估和病因分析。
[Abstract]:objective
Sudden deafness (sudden deafness, SD) is a common ear disease in otolaryngology head and neck surgery. It is an unknown cause of sudden hearing loss in a short period of time. Most of them are considered to be related to internal ear microcirculation disorder, virus infection, rupture of the window membrane, allergy, dysfunction of blood tube and metabolic disorders. It is often accompanied by vertigo, so the study of vestibular function in patients with sudden deafness is becoming more and more in-depth. The current study shows vestibular dysfunction through the examination of the vestibular function of sudden deafness, and the vestibular function has a certain influence on the prognosis of sudden deafness. Vestibular self rotation test (Vestibular A) Utorotation Test, VAT) is one of the new high frequency examination methods to evaluate vestibular function through the vestibular eye movement reflex (/estibulo-ocular Reflex, VOR). The frequency range is 2 to 6.0Hz, and its frequency range is close to the normal motion frequency of human daily life. It should be widely used for the examination of vestibular diseases and the evaluation of vestibular function. VAT results of patients with sudden deafness and vertigo were compared and analyzed, and the characteristics and causes of sudden deafness and vertigo were discussed in order to provide a reliable and effective basis for the evaluation of the vestibular system and the vestibular rehabilitation in patients with sudden deafness.
Method
The normal control group, the patients with sudden deafness and vertigo, was studied in the experimental group. The normal control group was 78 cases of medical staff and family members in our hospital, 41 males and 37 females, the average age of 10~82 years, the average age of 44.8 + 9.4 years, and the normal hearing and visual acuity, without the history of ear science related (such as tinnitus deafness, otitis media, nor flat) There were no hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neurologic diseases, cervical spondylosis, and non-smoking alcohol addiction. The experimental group were 229 cases of sudden deafness and vertigo in the Department of Otolaryngology and head and neck surgery of Tianjin First Central Hospital from March 2009 to May 2011, 97 men, 132 women, 14~79 years old, and flat. All 49.7 + 11.6 years of age. The diagnosis of sudden deafness accords with the diagnostic basis established by the Chinese Medical Association of otorhinolaryngology. Neurologic examination has no signs of central lesions, imaging to exclude acoustic neuroma, cerebral ischemia or hemorrhagic lesions. Two groups of studies on the image were performed by the American WSR VAT detector, and the vertical VAT test was used for.VAT detection. There are five indexes of horizontal eye movement gain, vertical eye movement gain, horizontal eye movement phase, vertical eye movement phase, and horizontal eye movement. The gain is equal to the eye movement speed / head speed, it is the strength index of VOR, the normal gain is close to 1, the abnormal result is high, and the low gain is two. The essence of the phase is the eye movement information corresponding to the head moving input information. The difference in time represents the response sensitivity of VOR to the appropriate stimulus, and the results of the VOR phase anomaly are high and low phase two, both of which are phase retardation, and the high phase indicates a more serious phase delay. The asymmetric value is taken from the eye movement velocity ratio in the direction of each frequency, indicating the intensity difference between the left and right vestibule system functions. The asymmetric normal reference value of each frequency is 0 + 10%, the negative value is on the left side, and the positive value is right. In the VAT level and the vertical test gain and phase, one or more anomalies occur in the horizontal asymmetric five parameter index, which is evaluated as the test positive, the gain and the phase any exception in the horizontal or vertical test are all recorded as Gain or phase anomaly. Statistical analysis is applied to SPSS16.0 statistical software. The measurement data is expressed in mean number of standard deviation (x + s) or median, and the normal distribution is tested. The count data is expressed as a percentage, and the difference between the t test and the chi 2 test.P0.05 is statistically significant.
Result
The comparison between the 1 control groups and the normal reference values of the system: the mean and the reference values of the four indexes of the control group, the horizontal gain, the horizontal phase, the vertical gain and the vertical phase in the frequency band of 2,3,4,5,6Hz, were not statistically significant, and the mean and reference value of the P0.05. asymmetric value at the frequency of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10Hz was compared with the reference value. The difference was not statistically significant, P0.05.
2 Analysis of the results of the 2 experimental group: 214 cases (93.4%) were abnormal in 229 cases in the experimental group, 156 cases (68.1%) with abnormal gain, 182 cases (79.5%) and 143 (62.4%) with unsymmetrical abnormality.
2.1 gain abnormality included only 103 cases (44.9%), only 19 cases (8.3%) and 34 cases (14.8%) of horizontal gain and vertical gain, high gain 92 (40.2%) and 98 low gain (42.8%). The difference was not statistically significant, P0.05; high gain in the level gain 64 cases (27.9%), low increase. 73 cases (31.9%), the two were compared with the chi square test, the difference was not statistically significant, P0.05, the high gain in the vertical gain 28 cases (12.2%), the low gain 25 cases (10.9%), the two compared with the chi square test, the difference was not statistically significant, P0.05.
2.2 phase abnormalities include only 47 cases (20.5%), only 65 cases (28.4%) and 70 cases (30.6%) of horizontal and vertical phase anomalies; high phase 198 cases (86.5%), 54 cases of low phase (23.6%), two, statistically significant difference, P0.05, 65 cases (28.4%), low phase in high phase in horizontal phase, low phase There were 52 cases (22.7%), the two were compared with the chi square test, the difference was not statistically significant, P0.05, the high phase in the vertical phase was 133 cases (58.1%), the low phase was 2 cases (0.9%), the two were compared with the chi square test, the difference was statistically significant, P0.05.
The 3 control group compared with the experimental group.
The VAT positive results between the 3.1 control group and the experimental group were compared: the abnormal rate of VAT in the control group was 9% (7 cases), the gain abnormal rate was 5.1% (4 cases), the phase abnormal rate was 6.4% (5 cases), and the asymmetric abnormal rate was 3.8% (3 cases); the abnormal rate of VAT in the experimental group was 93.4%. (214), the gain abnormal rate was 68.1% (156 cases), and the phase anomaly rate was the non pair. The abnormal rate was 62.4% (143 cases). The positive rates of the above two groups were compared with chi square test, and the P values were all =0.000, the differences were statistically significant.
3.2 the comparison of the five indicators of VAT between the control group and the experimental group was:
3.2.1 two groups of horizontal gain comparison: the average value of the frequency band of 2,3,4,5,6Hz is compared with t test, and there is no significant difference in the mean value of the two groups at 4Hz, P0.05, the difference of the average level gain of the two groups at 2,3,5,6Hz is statistically significant, and the P value is 0.05.
3.2.2 two groups of horizontal phase comparison: the average value of the frequency band of 2,3,4,5,6Hz is compared with t test. There is no significant difference in the mean phase mean difference between the two groups at 2Hz, P0.05, the difference of the average level of the horizontal phase in the two groups of 3,4,5,6Hz is statistically significant, and the P value is 0.05.
3.2.3 two groups of vertical gain comparison: the average value of the frequency band of 2,3,4,5,6Hz is compared with t test. There is no statistically significant difference in the mean value of vertical gain in the two groups at 3,4,5Hz, P0.05, the difference of the mean value of the vertical gain in the two groups of 2,6Hz is statistically significant, and the P value is 0.05.
3.2.4 Two groups of vertical phase comparison: in the frequency of 2,3,4,5,6 Hz band mean comparison t test, the difference was statistically significant, P value was 0.05.
3.2.5 Comparisons of asymmetric results between the two groups: T-test for mean values at frequencies of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 Hz showed statistically significant differences (P 0.05).
conclusion
The normal value of VAT in our laboratory coincide with the reference value of the system. Results the gain index of an objective and reliable.VAT can have high gain and low gain in patients with sudden deafness and vertigo. High gain suggests vestibular hypersplenism in vestibular central function, and low gain suggests a decrease in the ability of vestibular terminal induction. It is related to the extent of the cause of the vestibule and the range of vestibule injury. The phase index of the patients with sudden deafness and vertigo is characterized by high vertical phase full frequency, suggesting that the vestibule reflex delay is delayed. Its asymmetry is abnormal. It can suggest that the gain index of the diseased side.VAT is beneficial to the vestibular system loss in the patients with sudden deafness and vertigo. Qualitative assessment and etiological analysis of injury.
【学位授予单位】：天津医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R764.04
本文编号：2164158
[Abstract]:objective
Sudden deafness (sudden deafness, SD) is a common ear disease in otolaryngology head and neck surgery. It is an unknown cause of sudden hearing loss in a short period of time. Most of them are considered to be related to internal ear microcirculation disorder, virus infection, rupture of the window membrane, allergy, dysfunction of blood tube and metabolic disorders. It is often accompanied by vertigo, so the study of vestibular function in patients with sudden deafness is becoming more and more in-depth. The current study shows vestibular dysfunction through the examination of the vestibular function of sudden deafness, and the vestibular function has a certain influence on the prognosis of sudden deafness. Vestibular self rotation test (Vestibular A) Utorotation Test, VAT) is one of the new high frequency examination methods to evaluate vestibular function through the vestibular eye movement reflex (/estibulo-ocular Reflex, VOR). The frequency range is 2 to 6.0Hz, and its frequency range is close to the normal motion frequency of human daily life. It should be widely used for the examination of vestibular diseases and the evaluation of vestibular function. VAT results of patients with sudden deafness and vertigo were compared and analyzed, and the characteristics and causes of sudden deafness and vertigo were discussed in order to provide a reliable and effective basis for the evaluation of the vestibular system and the vestibular rehabilitation in patients with sudden deafness.
Method
The normal control group, the patients with sudden deafness and vertigo, was studied in the experimental group. The normal control group was 78 cases of medical staff and family members in our hospital, 41 males and 37 females, the average age of 10~82 years, the average age of 44.8 + 9.4 years, and the normal hearing and visual acuity, without the history of ear science related (such as tinnitus deafness, otitis media, nor flat) There were no hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, neurologic diseases, cervical spondylosis, and non-smoking alcohol addiction. The experimental group were 229 cases of sudden deafness and vertigo in the Department of Otolaryngology and head and neck surgery of Tianjin First Central Hospital from March 2009 to May 2011, 97 men, 132 women, 14~79 years old, and flat. All 49.7 + 11.6 years of age. The diagnosis of sudden deafness accords with the diagnostic basis established by the Chinese Medical Association of otorhinolaryngology. Neurologic examination has no signs of central lesions, imaging to exclude acoustic neuroma, cerebral ischemia or hemorrhagic lesions. Two groups of studies on the image were performed by the American WSR VAT detector, and the vertical VAT test was used for.VAT detection. There are five indexes of horizontal eye movement gain, vertical eye movement gain, horizontal eye movement phase, vertical eye movement phase, and horizontal eye movement. The gain is equal to the eye movement speed / head speed, it is the strength index of VOR, the normal gain is close to 1, the abnormal result is high, and the low gain is two. The essence of the phase is the eye movement information corresponding to the head moving input information. The difference in time represents the response sensitivity of VOR to the appropriate stimulus, and the results of the VOR phase anomaly are high and low phase two, both of which are phase retardation, and the high phase indicates a more serious phase delay. The asymmetric value is taken from the eye movement velocity ratio in the direction of each frequency, indicating the intensity difference between the left and right vestibule system functions. The asymmetric normal reference value of each frequency is 0 + 10%, the negative value is on the left side, and the positive value is right. In the VAT level and the vertical test gain and phase, one or more anomalies occur in the horizontal asymmetric five parameter index, which is evaluated as the test positive, the gain and the phase any exception in the horizontal or vertical test are all recorded as Gain or phase anomaly. Statistical analysis is applied to SPSS16.0 statistical software. The measurement data is expressed in mean number of standard deviation (x + s) or median, and the normal distribution is tested. The count data is expressed as a percentage, and the difference between the t test and the chi 2 test.P0.05 is statistically significant.
Result
The comparison between the 1 control groups and the normal reference values of the system: the mean and the reference values of the four indexes of the control group, the horizontal gain, the horizontal phase, the vertical gain and the vertical phase in the frequency band of 2,3,4,5,6Hz, were not statistically significant, and the mean and reference value of the P0.05. asymmetric value at the frequency of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10Hz was compared with the reference value. The difference was not statistically significant, P0.05.
2 Analysis of the results of the 2 experimental group: 214 cases (93.4%) were abnormal in 229 cases in the experimental group, 156 cases (68.1%) with abnormal gain, 182 cases (79.5%) and 143 (62.4%) with unsymmetrical abnormality.
2.1 gain abnormality included only 103 cases (44.9%), only 19 cases (8.3%) and 34 cases (14.8%) of horizontal gain and vertical gain, high gain 92 (40.2%) and 98 low gain (42.8%). The difference was not statistically significant, P0.05; high gain in the level gain 64 cases (27.9%), low increase. 73 cases (31.9%), the two were compared with the chi square test, the difference was not statistically significant, P0.05, the high gain in the vertical gain 28 cases (12.2%), the low gain 25 cases (10.9%), the two compared with the chi square test, the difference was not statistically significant, P0.05.
2.2 phase abnormalities include only 47 cases (20.5%), only 65 cases (28.4%) and 70 cases (30.6%) of horizontal and vertical phase anomalies; high phase 198 cases (86.5%), 54 cases of low phase (23.6%), two, statistically significant difference, P0.05, 65 cases (28.4%), low phase in high phase in horizontal phase, low phase There were 52 cases (22.7%), the two were compared with the chi square test, the difference was not statistically significant, P0.05, the high phase in the vertical phase was 133 cases (58.1%), the low phase was 2 cases (0.9%), the two were compared with the chi square test, the difference was statistically significant, P0.05.
The 3 control group compared with the experimental group.
The VAT positive results between the 3.1 control group and the experimental group were compared: the abnormal rate of VAT in the control group was 9% (7 cases), the gain abnormal rate was 5.1% (4 cases), the phase abnormal rate was 6.4% (5 cases), and the asymmetric abnormal rate was 3.8% (3 cases); the abnormal rate of VAT in the experimental group was 93.4%. (214), the gain abnormal rate was 68.1% (156 cases), and the phase anomaly rate was the non pair. The abnormal rate was 62.4% (143 cases). The positive rates of the above two groups were compared with chi square test, and the P values were all =0.000, the differences were statistically significant.
3.2 the comparison of the five indicators of VAT between the control group and the experimental group was:
3.2.1 two groups of horizontal gain comparison: the average value of the frequency band of 2,3,4,5,6Hz is compared with t test, and there is no significant difference in the mean value of the two groups at 4Hz, P0.05, the difference of the average level gain of the two groups at 2,3,5,6Hz is statistically significant, and the P value is 0.05.
3.2.2 two groups of horizontal phase comparison: the average value of the frequency band of 2,3,4,5,6Hz is compared with t test. There is no significant difference in the mean phase mean difference between the two groups at 2Hz, P0.05, the difference of the average level of the horizontal phase in the two groups of 3,4,5,6Hz is statistically significant, and the P value is 0.05.
3.2.3 two groups of vertical gain comparison: the average value of the frequency band of 2,3,4,5,6Hz is compared with t test. There is no statistically significant difference in the mean value of vertical gain in the two groups at 3,4,5Hz, P0.05, the difference of the mean value of the vertical gain in the two groups of 2,6Hz is statistically significant, and the P value is 0.05.
3.2.4 Two groups of vertical phase comparison: in the frequency of 2,3,4,5,6 Hz band mean comparison t test, the difference was statistically significant, P value was 0.05.
3.2.5 Comparisons of asymmetric results between the two groups: T-test for mean values at frequencies of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 Hz showed statistically significant differences (P 0.05).
conclusion
The normal value of VAT in our laboratory coincide with the reference value of the system. Results the gain index of an objective and reliable.VAT can have high gain and low gain in patients with sudden deafness and vertigo. High gain suggests vestibular hypersplenism in vestibular central function, and low gain suggests a decrease in the ability of vestibular terminal induction. It is related to the extent of the cause of the vestibule and the range of vestibule injury. The phase index of the patients with sudden deafness and vertigo is characterized by high vertical phase full frequency, suggesting that the vestibule reflex delay is delayed. Its asymmetry is abnormal. It can suggest that the gain index of the diseased side.VAT is beneficial to the vestibular system loss in the patients with sudden deafness and vertigo. Qualitative assessment and etiological analysis of injury.
【学位授予单位】：天津医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R764.04
【参考文献】
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