复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院住院未成年人青光眼的构成分析

发布时间：2018-08-20 13:40

【摘要】：第一部分复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院未成年人青光眼的构成分析目的：分析中国华东地区的复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院住院未成年人青光眼的临床特点和构成。方法：纳入复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院2003年-2010年间18岁的住院青光眼患者病历资料,回顾性分析其人口学特征及青光眼的亚型的构成。结果：共纳入734例未成年人青光眼患者,除一名美国籍和一名非洲籍外,其余732例为中国籍,分别来自中国的24个省市自治区。其中绝大多数来自中国华东地区,为683例,约占总数的93.05%。男孩在各青光眼亚型和各年龄段均多于女孩,总体的男女性别比为2.14：1。先天性青光眼为最常见的类型,约占总数的47.55%,在所有1岁以下儿童中占83.78%。先天性青光眼平均首次确诊年龄为1岁以下。原发性青少年型青光眼为第二大类型,为125例,约占总数的17.03%,平均首次确诊年龄较晚,为13岁。外伤性青光眼为第三大类型。结论：先天性青光眼为复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院住院未成年人青光眼最常见的类型。原发性青少年型青光眼、外伤性青光眼和无晶体青光眼在复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院住院未成年人青光眼中也占很大比例。第二部分复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院住院未成年人外伤性青光眼的构成分析目的：分析中国华东地区的复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院住院未成年人外伤性青光眼的临床特点和构成。方法：纳入复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院2003年-2011年间18岁的住院外伤性青光眼患者病历资料,回顾性分析其病因、性别、年龄的构成。结果：共纳入91例未成年人外伤性青光眼患者,83人接受手术,手术率为91.02%。未成年人眼外伤多发生于室内(68.8%),其中66.7%在家中,17.8%在学校或幼儿园；25.3%为自伤,74.7%为他伤。男孩明显多于女孩,男女性别比为6.58：1。穿通伤较多,占53.8%,钝挫伤占46.2%；金属锐器伤、爆炸伤和木棍竹竿伤是三大致病原因,玩具伤也占很大比例。复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院未成年人青光眼手术方式多为减压阀植入术,其术后视力差。平均首次发病年龄为10岁。结论：外伤性青光眼是未成年人青光眼中的重要类型,对外伤性青光眼的预防和治疗能有效的降低视力损伤的可能。
[Abstract]:Part one: analysis of the constitution of minor glaucoma in the affiliated otolaryngology hospital of Fudan university objective: to analyze the minors in the affiliated otolaryngology hospital of Fudan university in east china Clinical features and composition of glaucoma. Methods: the medical records of 18 years old glaucoma patients from 2003 to 2010 were included in the affiliated ENT Hospital of Fudan University. The demographic characteristics and the subtypes of glaucoma were analyzed retrospectively. Results: a total of 734 minor glaucoma patients were included, except for one American and one African, the remaining 732 were of Chinese nationality, respectively, from 24 provinces and autonomous regions of China. The vast majority of them came from East China, accounting for 683 cases, accounting for 93.05. Boys outnumber girls in all glaucomatous subtypes and age groups, with an overall gender ratio of 2. 14: 1. Congenital glaucoma is the most common type, accounting for 47.55% of the total and 83.78% of all children under 1 year of age. The average age of first diagnosis of congenital glaucoma was less than 1 year old. Primary juvenile glaucoma was the second major type, 125 cases, accounting for 17.03 of the total. The average age of first diagnosis was 13 years old. Traumatic glaucoma is the third largest type. Conclusion: congenital glaucoma is the most common type of juvenile glaucoma in the affiliated Ophthalmolaryngology Hospital of Fudan University. Primary juvenile glaucoma, traumatic glaucoma and aphasic glaucoma also accounted for a large proportion of minor glaucoma in the affiliated Ophthalmolaryngology Hospital of Fudan University. Part II: analysis of the constitution of traumatic glaucoma for minors in the affiliated otolaryngology hospital of Fudan university objective: to analyze the residents of the affiliated otolaryngology hospital of Fudan university in east china Clinical characteristics and composition of traumatic glaucoma for minors in our hospital. Methods: the medical records of 18 years old patients with traumatic glaucoma from 2003 to 2011 in affiliated ENT Hospital of Fudan University were analyzed retrospectively. Results: a total of 91 cases of traumatic glaucoma in minors were operated on, and the operative rate was 91.02%. Most of the eye injuries of minors occurred indoors (68.8%), of which 66.7% were at home and 17.8% in schools or kindergartens. 74.7% of the injuries occurred in schools or kindergartens. Boys outnumber girls, with a sex ratio of 6.58: 1. There were more penetrating injuries (53.8%), blunt contusions (46.2%), sharp metal injuries, explosive injuries and wooden stick and bamboo pole injuries, and toy injuries accounted for a large proportion. The operation mode of minor glaucoma in the affiliated ophthalmic, nasal and laryngology hospital of Fudan University was mostly pressure relief valve implantation, and the postoperative visual acuity was poor. The average age of first onset was 10 years. Conclusion: traumatic glaucoma is an important type of glaucoma in minors. The prevention and treatment of traumatic glaucoma can effectively reduce the possibility of visual impairment.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R775

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