北京地区可疑过敏性鼻炎病人吸入性变应原特征分析

发布时间：2018-09-08 08:06

【摘要】：目的回顾性分析可疑过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)病人进行皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test,SPT)后吸入性变应原特征,为AR的临床诊疗提供帮助。方法对2011年1月1日至2013年7月31日就诊于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院的北京地区2 598例具有AR典型症状的病人进行皮肤点刺试验,分析比较不同病人变应原检测结果差异。结果 (1)在2 598例可疑过敏性鼻炎受试者中,有2 292例(88.2%)病人至少对一种变应原有临床意义上的阳性。(2)在AR病人中,SPT检测阳性率前4位的变应原依次为:粉尘螨(43.1%)、屋尘螨(37.6%)、德国小蠊(32.6%)、艾蒿(26.6%)。就诊病人中女性居多,但SPT检测阳性率在性别间差异无统计学意义。(3)SPT检测阳性受试者中,单一变应原阳性(18.0%)、双重变应原阳性(22.6%)、三重变应原阳性(19.4%)占多数,未成年病人单一变应原阳性率较低。(4)AR就诊人数在4~6月和8~9月迎来两个高峰。(5)在单一变应原阳性病人中,德国小蠊阳性检出率(31.6%)远大于其他变应原。(6)粉尘螨、屋尘螨在不同年龄段变应原阳性检出率差异有统计学意义。结论粉尘螨、屋尘螨、德国小蠊、艾蒿是北京地区AR病人的主要变应原,变应原存在年龄及时间差异。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the characteristics of inhaled allergens in patients with suspected allergic rhinitis (allergic rhinitis,AR) after skin prick test (skin prick test,SPT). Methods from January 1, 2011 to July 31, 2013, 2 598 patients with typical symptoms of AR in Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were examined by skin prick test. The results of allergen detection in different patients were analyzed and compared. Results (1) in 2 598 subjects with suspected allergic rhinitis, 2 292 (88. 2%) patients were clinically positive for at least one allergen. (2) the first four allergens were Dermatophagoides farinae (43. 1%), house dust mites (37. 6%), Blattella germanica (32. 6%) and Artemisia argyi (26. 6%). The positive rate of SPT was not significantly different between the two sexes. (3) among the SPT positive subjects, single allergen was positive (18.0%), double allergen positive (22.6%), triple allergen positive (19.4%), the majority of them were positive for single allergen (18.0%), double allergen (22.6%) and triple allergen (19.4%). The positive rate of single allergen in minor patients was lower. (4) the number of AR patients reached two peaks in April ~ June and August ~ September. (5) the positive rate of Blattella germanica (31.6%) was much higher than that of other allergens in single allergen positive patients. (6) Dermatophagoides farinae. There was significant difference in the positive rate of allergen among different age groups. Conclusion Dermatophagoides farinae, house dust mites, Blattella germanica and Artemisia artemisia are the main allergens in AR patients in Beijing.
【作者单位】：首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科;北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所鼻病研究北京市重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81630023),国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81400444),国家自然科学基金面上项目(81470678),国家自然科学基金重点国际合作研究项目(81420108009) 北京市医院管理局“使命”计划(SML20150203),北京市医院管理局“青苗”计划(QML20150202) 首都临床特色应用研究(Z141107002514122) 首都卫生发展科研专项重点攻关项目(2016-1-2052) 北京市“百千万”人才项目(2016)~~
【分类号】：R765.21

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