跨理论模型和动机性访谈心理干预对老年听力障碍患者助听效果的影响

发布时间：2018-11-23 20:22

【摘要】：目的评价跨理论模型(transtheoretical model,TTM)及动机性访谈(motivated interviewing,Ml)心理干预模式对老年听力障碍患者助听效果的影响。方法以70例老年听力障碍住院患者为研究对象,随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各35例。所有患者均配戴丹麦耳背式助听器。两组患者年龄、听力损失、病程、助听器型号及配戴时间均无显著性差异,具有可比性。干预组在住院期间除常规护理外,给予跨理论模型及动机性访谈心理干预,对照组仅进行常规护理。干预前后分别选用助听器效果国际性调查问卷(the international outcome inventory for hearing aids,IOI-HA)及使用助听器每日生活满意度(the satisfactionwith amplification in daily life,SADL)调查问卷评估两组患者的助听效果。结果干预前、后干预组IOI-HA总分分别为2.72±0.33、4.19±0.39分,对照组分别为2.76±0.31、3.03±0.36分,干预后干预组总分明显高于对照组(P0.05);干预后干预组IOI-HA及自检测(干预前后分别为2.69±0.38、4.24±0.49分)、相互作用(干预前后分别为2.74±0.41、4.15±0.52分)两个维度的得分均较干预前明显增加(P0.05);对照组干预前后仅自检测得分(分别为2.71±0.37、3.09±0.35分)差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预前后干预组SADL总得分分别为2.70±0.46、4.54±0.78分,对照组分别为2.65±0.47、3.17±0.68分,干预后两组SADL得分差异有统计学意义(P0.05);干预组干预后SADL中正面影响、服务和价格、负面影响、个人形象得分均较干预前增加(均为P0.05)。结论老年性听力障碍患者配戴助听器后应用跨理论模型和动机性访谈心理干预能有效地提高助听效果。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the effects of cross-theoretical model (transtheoretical model,TTM) and motivational interview (motivated interviewing,Ml) on hearing aid in elderly patients with hearing impairment. Methods 70 inpatients with hearing impairment were randomly divided into intervention group and control group with 35 cases in each group. All patients were wearing Danish ear hearing aids. There were no significant differences in age, hearing loss, course of disease, type of hearing aid and wearing time between the two groups. In addition to routine nursing, the intervention group was given psychological intervention of cross-theoretical model and motivational interview, while the control group was only given routine nursing. Before and after intervention, (the international outcome inventory for hearing aids,IOI-HA) and (the satisfactionwith amplification in daily life,SADL) were used to evaluate the effect of hearing aid in both groups. Results before and after intervention, the total score of IOI-HA was 2.72 卤0.33 卤0.39 in the intervention group and 2.76 卤0.31 卤3.03 卤0.36 in the control group, respectively. The total score of the intervention group after intervention was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). After intervention, IOI-HA and self-examination were detected (2.69 卤0.38 卤4.24 卤0.49, respectively) in the intervention group. The scores of interaction (2.74 卤0.41 卤4.15 卤0.52) were significantly higher than those before and after intervention (P0.05). In the control group, only self-test scores (2.71 卤0.37 卤3.09 卤0.35) were significantly different before and after intervention (P0.05). The total SADL score before and after intervention was 2.70 卤0.46V 4.54 卤0.78 in the intervention group and 2.65 卤0.47v 3.17 卤0.68 in the control group, respectively. There was significant difference in SADL score between the two groups after intervention (P0.05). The positive effect, service and price, negative influence and personal image scores of SADL in intervention group were higher than those before intervention (P0.05). Conclusion Trans-theoretical model and psychological intervention of motivational interview can effectively improve the effect of hearing aid in elderly patients with hearing impairment.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院耳鼻咽喉科;
【分类号】：R764

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