海口市区气传花粉调查及与变应性鼻炎关系的研究

发布时间：2018-12-16 14:31

【摘要】：目的：调查海口市区空气中飘散花粉的种类、数量、季节性消长规律以及花粉飘散与气候的关系,探讨海口市区花粉过敏原与变应性鼻炎的关系。方法：从2004年1月1日至2004年12月31日,采用Durham重量法收集海口市区内每天空气中的气传花粉,观察气传花粉的种类和数量,分析花粉飘散一年内的变化规律及与气候条件的关系。对在我院门诊于2008年1月4日至2011年11月26日诊断为变应性鼻炎的500例患者进行20种花粉变应原的皮肤点刺试验,分析变应性鼻炎中花粉致敏的情况。结果： (1)2004年全年在海口市一个监测点共收集到30个科属的5073粒花粉。空气中花粉飘散高峰期在3-4月,空气中含量最多是木麻黄科花粉(29.19%),其次是禾本科花粉(16.97%)和棕榈科花粉(15.40%)；花粉飘散浓度与降水量和极大风速呈负相关。 (2)500例变应性鼻炎花粉皮肤点刺试验阳性者357例(357/500,71.4%),其中强阳性67例(67/500,13.40%)。皮肤点刺试验阳性率最高的为软叶针葵花粉(68.60%),其次是芒果花粉(52.60%)和苏铁花粉(51.20%)；54.6%的变应性鼻炎患者对两种或两种以上花粉变应原皮肤点刺试验反应阳性。结论：海口市区空气全年有花粉飘散,3-4月为高峰期,种类以木麻黄科、禾本科、棕榈科为主。花粉过敏是海口市变应性鼻炎主要病因之软叶针葵花粉、芒果花粉和苏铁花粉是海口市区变应性鼻炎最常见的花粉变应原。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the species, quantity, seasonal fluctuation and the relationship between pollen dispersion and climate in Haikou urban area, and to explore the relationship between pollen allergen and allergic rhinitis in Haikou urban area. Methods: from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2004, Durham gravimetric method was used to collect the airborne pollen from the air of Haikou City, and the species and quantity of airborne pollen were observed. The variation of pollen in one year and its relationship with climatic conditions were analyzed. From January 4, 2008 to November 26, 2011, 500 patients diagnosed as allergic rhinitis in our outpatient department were tested by skin prick test of 20 kinds of pollen allergens to analyze the status of pollen sensitization in allergic rhinitis. Results: (1) 5073 pollen grains of 30 families and genera were collected in Haikou City in 2004. The peak time of pollen dispersion in air was in March-April. The most abundant pollen in air was Casuaraceae (29.19%), followed by Gramineae (16.97%) and Palm (15.40%). Pollen concentration was negatively correlated with precipitation and maximum wind speed. (2) of the 500 cases of allergic rhinitis, 357 (357 / 50071.4%) were positive in pollen skin prick test, 67 (67 / 500) were strongly positive (13.40%). The highest positive rate of skin prick test was soft leaf sunflower powder (68.60%) followed by mango pollen (52.60%) and cycad pollen (51.20%). 54.6% of the patients with allergic rhinitis were positive for two or more pollen allergens. Conclusion: in Haikou urban area, pollen drifts in the air all the year, and the peak period is March-April. The main species are Casuarinae, Gramineae and Palmiaceae. Pollen hypersensitivity is the main cause of allergic rhinitis in Haikou City. Mango pollen and cycad pollen are the most common pollen allergens of allergic rhinitis in Haikou city.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R765.21

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