CT门静脉造影与B超对肝硬化食管静脉曲张出血预测的研究
发布时间:2018-05-03 21:05
本文选题:肝硬化 + 食管静脉曲张出血 ; 参考:《延安大学》2014年硕士论文
【摘要】:目的 采用多层螺旋CT门静脉造影(MSCTP)三维重建技术,观察门静脉系统侧支循环开放情况,通过对门静脉的主干、分支及其主要属支的管径进行测量,以及采用B超判断门静脉血流动力学变化的能力,来研究MSCTP和B超两种检查方法对食管静脉曲张破裂出血(EVB)预测的价值,比较这两种检查方法对EVB预测的准确性,寻找一种有效预测EVB发生的检查方法。 方法 收集116例于延安大学附属医院消化科2012年5月-2013年10月期间住院,被确诊为肝硬化患者的临床资料。 (一)肝硬化患者中有64例进行了MSCTP检查,对其门静脉主干(MPV)、门静脉左支(LPV)、门静脉右支(RPV)、脾静脉(SPV)及胃左静脉(LGV)各血管直径进行测量;结合症状体征、临床表现、实验室检查证据及胃镜表现等,将肝硬化患者分为出血组和非出血组;比较MPV、LPV、RPV、SPV及LGV各血管直径在出血组与非出血组间的差异有无显著性,并用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)评估上述各指标预测EVB发生的敏感性和特异性。 (二)其中的112例肝硬化患者进行了B超检查,记录其血小板计数(PC),采用B超探测脾脏长径(SL)、脾脏厚径(ST)、脾动脉搏动指数(PI)、门静脉直径(DPV)、门静脉平均血流速度(PBVmean),并计算PC/DPV、PC/SL、PC/ST、PC/脾脏指数(SI)、门静脉血流量(PBF)及门静脉压力(PPV);比较PC/DPV、PC/SL、PC/ST、PC/SI、PBF及PPV在出血组与非出血组间差异有无显著性,并用AUC评价上述各指标预测EVB的价值。 (三)其中有60例同时进行了两种检查方法,记录其实际出血的患者例数,应用上述两种方法所得出的结果,记录两种方法预测出血的例数,通过预测出血的例数/实际出血的例数,分别计算两种方法的检出率,比较两种方法对EVB的检出率是否具有显著性差异;以胃镜检查作为金标准,分别比较MSCTP和B超检查与胃镜检查结果是否具有一致性。 结果 (一)行MSCTP检查的患者资料分析发现: 1出血组的平均年龄(57.07±12.07)岁,非出血组的平均年龄(56.88±12.22)岁,两组之间的年龄分布差异无统计学意义(t=0.061,P=0.952);出血组的男性22例,女性8例,非出血组的男性20例,女性14例,两组之间的性别分布差异无统计学意义(X2=1.487,P=0.223);肝硬化病因分布在两组中,差异无统计学意义(X2=1.489,P=0.914)。 2出血组的MPV、LPV、SPV和LGV直径分别为(1.78±0.16)cm,(1.28±0.15)cm,(1.54±0.20)cm和(0.62±0.10)cm,显著高于非出血组分别为(1.60±0.21)cm(,1.15±0.13)cm(,1.36±0.13)cm和(0.45±0.06)cm,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.843,P=0.000;t=3.859,P=0.000;t=4.316,P=0.000;t=7.884,P=0.000);而出血组的RPV直径为(1.29±0.21)cm与非出血组为(1.25±0.23)cm,,差异无统计学意义(t=0.700,P=0.487)。 3LGV的AUC最高,为0.906,其预测能力最理想,当LGV>0.61cm时,提示EVB发生的敏感度为93.3%,特异度为58.8%。 (二)行B超检查的患者资料分析发现: 4出血组的平均年龄(55.27±11.47)岁,非出血组的平均年龄(58.59±12.83)岁,两组之间的年龄分布差异无统计学意义(t=1.444,P=0.152);出血组和非出血组的男性均为38例,女性均为18例,两组之间的性别分布差异无统计学意义(X2=0.000,P=1.000);肝硬化病因分布在两组中,差异无统计学意义(X2=6.335,P=0.610)。 5出血组的PBF和PPV分别为(1161.58±136.05)ml/min和(26.76±3.41)mmHg高于非出血组分别为(945.38±192.73)ml/min和(21.15±4.38)mmHg,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.101,P=0.000;t=2.640,P=0.002);PC/DPV、PC/SL、PC/ST和PC/SI在两组之间比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=2.107,P=0.170;t=2.318,P=0.078;t=0.956,P=0.064;t=1.931,P=0.051)。 6PBF的AUC为0.763,其为预测EVB的较理想指标,PBF>1098.36ml/min时,提示EVB发生的敏感性为77.3%,特异性为63.1%。 (三)同时行两种检查的患者资料分析发现: 7出血组的平均年龄(57.71±12.24)岁,非出血组的平均年龄(55.75±11.68)岁,两组之间的年龄分布差异无统计学意义(t=0.633,P=0.529);出血组的男性21例,女性7例,非出血组的男性19例,女性13例,两组之间的性别分布差异无统计学意义(X2=1.641,P=0.200);肝硬化病因分布在两组中,差异无统计学意义(X2=2.277,P=0.685)。 860例患者中实际出血的患者有28例,根据LGV>0.61cm检出出血例数为25例,检出率为89.29%(25/28),根据PBF>1098.36ml/min检出出血例数为17例,检出率为60.71%(17/28),MSCTP和B超两种检查方法的检出率,差异有统计学意义(X2=6.095,P=0.029),可较客观地认为MSCTP的检出率(89.29%)高于B超的检出率(60.71%)。 928例实际出血的患者通过胃镜检查发现,26例有静脉曲张出血,2例未发现出血。采用McNemar检验得出,MSCTP与胃镜检查对EVB预测结果差异无统计学意义(P=1.000),采用Kappa系数法分析,显示这两种方法的吻合度差异具有显著性且较强(吻合系数K=0.781,P=0.000)。 10B超与胃镜检查对EVB预测结果差异具有统计学意义(P=0.012),采用Kappa系数法分析,显示这两种方法的吻合度差异无显著性(吻合系数K=0.038,P=0.747)。 结论 1肝硬化患者EVB与年龄、性别及肝硬化病因分布没有明显关系。 2通过MSCTP检查发现,EVB的发生与MPV、LPV、SPV及LGV各血管直径有关,随着上述指标各血管直径增宽,EVB发生的可能性就增大;而RPV血管直径与EVB的发生没有明显关系。 3通过B超检查发现,EVB的发生与PBF和PPV存在一定的关系,随着PBF和PPV的增加,EVB发生的可能性就增大;而PC/DPV、PC/SL、PC/ST及PC/SI与EVB的发生无明显关系;PBF>1098.36ml/min可以客观地作为预测EVB的无创指标,但其需要用复杂的公式才能得出数据,而且B超与胃镜检查结果一致性差。 4与B超检查计算PBF相比,MSCTP检查LGV血管直径对EVB有更好的检出率,并且MSCTP与胃镜检查结果具有较高的一致性,并能够清晰、多角度地显示肝硬化门静脉系统侧支循环的血管,对EVB具有重要的预测价值,且LGV>0.61cm是预测EVB的较敏感指标。所以MSCTP检查技术适合用于对患者进行筛查和随访,以及监测高危患者,可作为临床预测肝硬化EVB危险的参考因素之一,且可减少内镜检查带来的恐惧心理。由于本研究样本量相对较少,有必要增加样本量进一步验证。
[Abstract]:Purpose
To evaluate the accuracy of EVB prediction and to find an effective method to predict EVB ' s occurrence by means of three - dimensional reconstruction of portal vein system with multi - slice spiral CT ( MSCTP ) three - dimensional reconstruction technique , and by measuring the trunk , branch and main branch of portal vein and the ability of B - ultrasound to judge the hemodynamic changes of portal vein .
method
116 patients were hospitalized from May 2012 to October 2013 in the Department of Digestive Medicine of Yan ' an University , and were diagnosed as clinical data of patients with liver cirrhosis .
( 1 ) 64 of the patients with liver cirrhosis underwent MSCTP examination , and measured the diameter of each vessel of portal vein trunk , portal vein left branch ( LPV ) , portal vein right branch ( RPV ) , splenic vein ( SPV ) and left gastric vein ( LGV ) ;
Patients with liver cirrhosis were divided into two groups : bleeding group and non - bleeding group .
The differences between the diameters of each vessel in the VPV , RPV , SPV and LGV groups were compared between the bleeding group and the non - bleeding group , and the sensitivity and specificity of EVB were assessed with the area under the working characteristic curve ( AUC ) of the subject .
( 2 ) 112 patients with liver cirrhosis were examined by B - ultrasound , the platelet count ( PC ) was recorded , splenic length ( SL ) , spleen thickness diameter ( ST ) , splenic artery pulsation index ( PI ) , portal vein diameter ( DPV ) and portal vein average blood flow velocity ( PBVmean ) were detected by B - ultrasound , and PC / DPV , PC / SL , PC / ST , PC / spleen index ( SI ) , portal vein blood flow ( PBF ) and portal vein pressure ( PPV ) were calculated ;
Compare the difference between PC / DPV , PC / SL , PC / ST , PC / SI , PBF and PPV between bleeding group and non - bleeding group , and evaluate the value of EVB with AUC .
( 3 ) There were 60 cases in which there were two kinds of examination methods , the number of patients with actual bleeding was recorded , the number of bleeding cases was predicted by using the two methods , the number of cases of bleeding was predicted , the number of cases of actual bleeding was predicted , the detection rate of the two methods was calculated , and the detection rate of EVB was significantly different from the two methods .
Objective To compare the results of MSCTP and B - ultrasonography and the results of gastroscopic examination .
Results
( 1 ) The patient data analysis performed by the MSCTP revealed that :
The mean age of the hemorrhagic group ( 57.07 卤 12.07 ) years , the mean age ( 56.88 卤 12.22 ) years of non - bleeding group , the age distribution difference between the two groups was not statistically significant ( t = 0.061 , P = 0.952 ) ;
There was no significant difference in the sex distribution between the two groups ( X2 = 1.487 , P = 0.223 ) .
There was no statistical difference between the two groups ( X2 = 1.489 , P = 0.914 ) .
There was significant difference ( t = 3.843 , P = 0.000 ) between the two groups of hemorrhage group ( 1 . 78 卤 0 . 16 ) cm , ( 1.28 卤 0.15 ) cm , ( 1.54 卤 0.20 ) cm and ( 0.62 卤 0.10 ) cm , respectively ( t = 3.843 , P = 0.000 ) .
t=3.859,P=0.000锛
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