2004-2014年西安市甲型和戊型肝炎流行特征分析

发布时间：2018-06-28 12:16

本文选题：甲型肝炎 + 戊型肝炎　；参考：《现代预防医学》2016年10期

【摘要】：目的分析西安市2004-2014年甲型和戊型肝炎的发病情况和流行趋势,为有效指导两型肝炎防控提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2004-2014年间报告的甲型和戊型肝炎病例的流行特征进行分析,采用的统计学方法有χ2检验和集中度M值等。结果西安市共报告甲肝1 740例,年均发病率1.98/10万;戊肝930例,年均发病率1.05/10万。甲肝发病率较高,戊肝发病率较低,两者均呈逐年下降趋势。甲肝和戊肝总体上发病均无明显季节性特征,年均发病率城区均高于郊县,发病率均随年龄增加而上升且男性均高于女性。职业分布上,甲肝以农民(27.76%)为主;戊肝以离退休人员(29.92%)为主。甲肝实验室诊断率逐年上升,戊肝则在90%左右波动。结论近11年来西安市甲肝和戊肝发病率均呈逐年下降趋势,高发地区均是城区。10岁以下和60岁以上男性人群是甲肝发病的重点人群;60岁以上男性人群是戊肝发病的重点人群。甲肝诊断质量逐年上升,而戊肝则一直维持在高水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the incidence and epidemic trend of hepatitis A and E in Xi'an city from 2004 to 2014, and to provide evidence for guiding the prevention and control of hepatitis A and E effectively. Methods descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic characteristics of hepatitis A and E cases reported from 2004 to 2014. The statistical methods were 蠂 2 test and concentration M value. Results A total of 1,740 cases of hepatitis A were reported in Xi'an, with an average annual incidence of 19.8 / 100 000 and 930 cases of hepatitis E with an average annual incidence of 1.05% / 100 000. The incidence of hepatitis A was higher than that of hepatitis E, and the incidence of hepatitis A and E were both decreasing year by year. The incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in urban area was higher than that in suburban county. The incidence rate of hepatitis A and hepatitis E increased with the increase of age and the incidence of male was higher than that of female. In occupational distribution, farmers (27.76%) and retired persons (29.92%) were predominant in hepatitis A and E respectively. The laboratory diagnostic rate of hepatitis A increased year by year, while that of hepatitis E fluctuated about 90%. Conclusion the incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in Xi'an is decreasing year by year in recent 11 years. The male population under 10 years old and over 60 years old is the key population of hepatitis A disease in the high incidence area, and the male population over 60 years old is the key population of hepatitis E disease. The diagnostic quality of hepatitis A has been increasing year by year, while hepatitis E has been maintained at a high level.
【作者单位】：西安市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R512.6;R181.3

【相似文献】