三种饮用水对小鼠学习记忆及海马神经递质的影响

发布时间：2017-12-28 17:18

本文关键词：三种饮用水对小鼠学习记忆及海马神经递质的影响　出处：《卫生研究》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的探究3种饮用水对小鼠学习记忆及海马内神经递质的影响。方法测定纯水、自来水及天然矿泉水水质参数:溶解性总固体(TDS)、总硬度、耗氧量(OC)、钠、钾、钙、镁及偏硅酸。将60只ICR小鼠随机分为3组,每组20只,雌雄各半,分别用纯水(对照组)、自来水、天然矿泉水喂养90天,采用Morris水迷宫实验、避暗实验检测小鼠的学习和记忆能力,实验结束后立即处死小鼠,取海马测定乙酰胆碱(Ach)、一氧化氮(NO)、谷氨酸(Glu)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量和乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACh E)、乙酰胆碱转移酶(Ch AT)、总一氧化氮合酶(T-NOS)活性。结果自来水、天然矿泉水各水质参数均高于纯水。定位航行实验第1天,自来水组小鼠逃避潜伏期[(69.15±50.87)s]明显短于纯水组[(86.07±44.03)s],差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与纯水组(30.00%)比较,自来水组小鼠多采用有效搜索策略(51.25%),较少采用无效搜索策略,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。空间探索实验中,自来水组、天然矿泉水组小鼠平台象限活动时间[分别为(28.44±10.17)s和(28.81±12.43)s]明显长于纯水组[(19.84±9.59)s],差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。避暗实验中,自来水组、天然矿泉水组小鼠训练潜伏期[分别为(60.27±57.84)s和(58.12±42.52)s]和测验潜伏期[分别为(209.54±121.41)s和(271.40±90.44)s]均明显长于纯水组[(10.99±9.40)s和(72.77±67.51)s],且测验中小鼠5 min内电击次数[分别为(0.90±0.88)次和(0.10±0.32)次]、错误反应动物百分率(分别为50%和20%)明显少于纯水组[(5.00±4.62)次、90%],差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。与纯水组[(8.53±2.12)μg/mg prot和(0.94±0.49)U/mg prot]比较,自来水组、天然矿泉水组小鼠海马中Ach含量[(11.18±3.46)μg/mg prot和(12.91±3.91)μg/mg prot]明显升高、ACh E活性[(0.41±0.21)U/mg prot和(0.54±0.28)U/mg prot]明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。但各组小鼠饮水量、摄食量及海马Glu、GABA、NO、Ch AT、T-NOS差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论相比于纯水,长期饮用自来水或天然矿泉水更有利于小鼠的学习与记忆,其可能与海马乙酰胆碱水平较高有关。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the effects of 3 kinds of drinking water on the learning and memory of mice and the neurotransmitters in the hippocampus. Methods the water quality parameters of pure water, tap water and natural mineral water were determined: dissolved total solid (TDS), total hardness, oxygen consumption (OC), sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and metasilicate acid. 60 ICR mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, 20 rats in each group, male and female, respectively, with pure water (control group), tap water, natural mineral water for 90 days, with Morris water maze test and avoiding dark test ability of learning and memory in mice, the mice were killed immediately after the end of the experiment, the determination of hippocampal acetylcholine (Ach), nitric oxide (NO), glutamate (Glu) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) content and acetylcholinesterase (ACh E), choline acetyltransferase (Ch AT), total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS) activity. Results all the water quality parameters of tap water and natural mineral water are higher than pure water. The navigation experiment for first days, tap water group escape latency [(69.15 + 50.87) s] was significantly shorter than pure water group [(86.07 + 44.03) s], the difference was statistically significant (P0.05); group (30%) compared with pure water, tap water group used more effective search strategies (51.25%), less use of invalid search strategy, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). In the space exploration experiment, the activity time of platform quadrant in tap water group and natural mineral water group was respectively (28.44 + 10.17) s and (28.81 + 12.43) s], which was significantly longer than that in pure water group [(19.84 + 9.59) s], the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Avoid dark experiment, tap water group, natural mineral water group training latency [respectively (60.27 + 57.84) s and (58.12 + 42.52) s] test and latency [respectively (209.54 + 121.41) s and (271.40 + 90.44) s] were significantly longer than pure water group [(10.99 + 9.40) and S (72.77 + 67.51) s], and the test in mice within 5 min respectively the number of shocks [(0.90 + 0.88) and (0.10 + 0.32) times], animal error response percentage (50% and 20%) was significantly less than pure water group [(5 + 4.62), 90%] (P0.05, the differences were statistically significant). With pure water group [(8.53 + 2.12) g/mg and prot (0.94 + 0.49) U/mg prot], [Ach content of natural mineral water, tap water group group in the hippocampus of mice (11.18 + 3.46) g/mg and prot (12.91 + 3.91) g/mg prot] was significantly increased and ACh activity of E [(0.41 + 0.21) U/mg and prot (0.54 + 0.28) U/mg prot] decreased significantly, the differences were statistically significant (P0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the amount of drinking water, feeding amount and Glu, GABA, NO, Ch AT and T-NOS in each group of mice (P0.05). Conclusion compared with pure water, drinking tap water or natural mineral water for a long time is more beneficial to the learning and memory of mice, which may be related to the higher level of acetylcholine in the hippocampus.
【作者单位】：福建医科大学卫生检验与检疫学系;厦门大学流行病与卫生统计学系;中山大学流行病与卫生统计学系;
【基金】：福建省科技计划重大项目(No.2012Y4004)
【分类号】：R123
【正文快照】： 学习与记忆是脑的高级功能之一,涉及各种神经递质与相关受体之间的相互作用。大脑有超过 100亿个神经细胞,每个脑细胞含有高达85%的水分。研究表明大鼠围产期饮用纯水协同食物中低镁会迟滞仔鼠早期学习能力的形成[1],而饮用富氢水可以改善快速老化模型小鼠的认知障碍[2]。

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