武汉地区9~17岁青少年抑郁与生长发育关系的研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 07:44

本文关键词：武汉地区9~17岁青少年抑郁与生长发育关系的研究　出处：《华中科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的了解湖北省武汉市9~17岁青少年抑郁的发生情况，探讨男女青少年抑郁与生长发育的关系，制定青少年身心健康干预方针。方法采用现场流行病学方法选取武汉城乡地区小学、初中、高中各一所，以年级分层，班级为单位随机整群抽取青少年3007人。使用一般情况调查表、青春期发动自评问卷（PDS）、儿童抑郁量表（CDI）进行问卷调查，并采用全国体质调研统一标准测量选定青少年的身高、体重、皮脂厚度等指标，采用Tanner分期标准评定第二性征，Prader睾丸模型比拟法测量睾丸容积。所有资料使用SPSS17.0进行描述性分析、t检验、2检验、方差分析和logistic回归分析。结果共调查人数3007人，男生1578名(52.5%)，女生1429名（47.5%）；城区学生1631(54.2%)，农村1376名(45.8%)。抑郁与人口学特征及相关因素的关系：(1)性别：女生抑郁检出率为20.36%，男生抑郁检出率为17.43%，女生抑郁的危险性是男生的1.212倍；(2)户籍：农村青少年抑郁检出率为21.90%，，城市青少年抑郁检出率为16.15%，农村青少年患抑郁的危险性是城市青少年的1.436倍，农村男生的抑郁检出风险是城市男生的1.458倍；(3)年龄和年级：随着年龄和年级增加女生抑郁危险性增加，男生抑郁检出率则无此递增趋势；(4)家庭结构：女生抑郁随着家庭结构的复杂程度增加其危险性增加，不同家庭结构中男生抑郁差别无统计学意义；(5)家庭经济条件差是青少年抑郁的危险因素；(6)有氧体育锻炼是青少年抑郁的保护因素。青春期发育与抑郁的关系：(1)生长发育：男生自评偏瘦和很胖为抑郁的危险因素，女生自评偏胖和很胖为抑郁的危险因素，男生随着BMI分组的上升患抑郁的风险增加2.244倍，女生随着BMI分组的上升患抑郁的风险增加3.796倍；(2)性发育：自评发育早晚被排除在男生抑郁影响因素之外，自评发育早的女生其罹患抑郁的危险性是自评发育正常的女生的1.540倍，为女生罹患抑郁的危险因素。女生青春期发动时相提前危险性是青春期发动时相正常的1.387倍，为女生罹患抑郁的危险因素。女生乳房发育提前危险性是乳房发育时相正常的1.612倍，为女生罹患抑郁的危险因素。女生月经初潮提前危险性是月经来潮时相正常的2.116倍，为女生罹患抑郁的危险因素。结论男生抑郁与户籍、家庭经济条件、体育锻炼、生长发育自评、BMI密切相关；女生抑郁与年龄、年级、家庭结构、家庭经济条件、体育锻炼、生长发育自评、BMI、性发育自评、青春期发动时相、乳房发育时相和月经初潮时相密切相关。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the incidence of depression in adolescents aged 17 years old in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and to explore the relationship between depression and growth and development of adolescents, and to formulate the intervention policy of adolescents' physical and mental health. Methods three hundred and seven adolescents were randomly selected from primary, junior and senior middle schools in urban and rural areas of Wuhan with stratified grade and class as the unit. General information questionnaire was used. The self-assessment questionnaire of puberty and CDI were used to measure the height, weight and sebum thickness of selected adolescents. The testicular volume was measured by using the Tanner staging criteria to evaluate the secondary sex sign Prader testicular model analogy. All the data were analyzed by SPSS17.0. Variance analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results the total number of investigated was 3007, 1578 male students were 52.5 and 1429 female students were 47.5%. The students in urban area were 1631 and 54.2, and 1376 students in rural areas were 45. 85.8. The relationship between depression and demographic characteristics and related factors: sex: the prevalence rate of depression in girls was 20.36 and that in boys was 17.43%. The risk of depression of girls was 1.212 times higher than that of boys. (2) Household registration: the prevalence rate of depression was 21.90% among rural adolescents and 16.15% among urban adolescents. The risk of depression among rural adolescents was 1.436 times higher than that of urban adolescents. The risk of depression detection in rural boys was 1.458 times higher than that in urban boys. (3) Age and grade: with the increase of age and grade, the risk of depression of girls increased, but the rate of depression in boys did not increase; (4) Family structure: depression in female students increased with the complexity of family structure, but there was no significant difference in depression among male students in different family structures. 5) the poor family economic condition is the risk factor of adolescent depression. Aerobic physical exercise is the protective factor of adolescent depression. The relationship between puberty development and depression: growth and development: Self-rated lean and very fat were risk factors of depression in male students, and self-rated fat and very fat in girls were risk factors of depression. The risk of depression increased 2.244-fold in male with the increase of BMI and 3.796 times in female with the increase of BMI. (2) sexual development: the self-rated development was excluded from the influence factors of male depression, and the risk of depression was 1.540 times higher in girls with early self-assessment development than that in girls with self-rated normal development. The risk factors of depression in girls were 1.387 times higher than those in normal puberty. The risk of breast development in girls was 1.612 times higher than that in normal breast development. The risk of menarche in girls is 2.116 times higher than that in menarche, which is the risk factor of depression in girls. Conclusion Depression in male students is closely related to household registration, family economic condition, physical exercise, self-evaluation of growth and development and BMI. Depression and age, grade, family structure, family economic condition, physical exercise, self-evaluation of growth and development, sexual development self-evaluation, puberty initiation phase. Breast development phase is closely related to menarche.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R179

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