大连2010—2015年高校学生结核病疫情特征分析

发布时间：2018-01-14 16:25

本文关键词：大连2010—2015年高校学生结核病疫情特征分析　出处：《中国公共卫生》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的观察辽宁省大连市高校学生结核病发病特征及趋势变化,了解高校结核病流行现状及特点,为学校结核病防治策略调整提供依据。方法回顾性收集2010—2015年大连市结核病医院资料室和国家结核病管理信息系统登记的学生结核病疫情资料,并进行统计和分析。结果 2010—2015年大连市高校结核病报告发病率为48.19/10万,2010—2015各年份结核病发病率分别为54.93/10万、55.14/10万、43.15/10万、41.94/10万、44.74/10万和50.33/10万,趋势变化无统计学意义(χ~2=2.456,P0.05)。结核菌痰涂片报告涂阳发病率为6.19/10万,患者中涂阳率为12.85%。病例年龄介于16~30岁,平均年龄为21.09岁;男女比例2.61:1,季节发病率以第二季度最高。学生新发活动性肺结核以初治为主(97.18%);涂阴患者最多(74.52%)。高校肺结核聚集性疫情每年均有发生,呈增多趋势。2010—2015年散发患者发病率分别为49.9/10万、47.3/10万、41.8/10万、35.6/10万、34.6/10万和38.67/10万,趋势变化有统计学意义(χ~2=10.318,P0.05);聚集性续发患者发病率分别为5.0/10万、7.9/10万、1.3/10万、6.4/10万、10.1/10万和11.7/10万,趋势性变化亦有统计学意义(χ~2=13.097,P0.05)。结论 2010—2015年大连市高校学生肺结核发病疫情形势变化不明显,但学校肺结核聚集性疫情呈逐年增多趋势,提示防控需注意聚集性疫情,创新策略,并重视学校结核病健康教育工作,预防结核病发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to observe the incidence and trend of tuberculosis among college students in Dalian, Liaoning Province, and to understand the prevalence and characteristics of tuberculosis in colleges and universities. Methods the data of tuberculosis epidemic situation among students registered by Dalian Tuberculosis Hospital and National TB Management Information system from 2010 to 2015 were collected retrospectively. Results the reported incidence of TB in Dalian from 2010 to 2015 was 48.19 / 100 thousand. In 2010-2015, the incidence of TB was 54.93 / 100,000, 55.14 / 100, 000, 43.15 / 100, 000, 419.4 / 100, 000, respectively. 44.74 / 100,000and 50.33 / 100,000,000, the trend change had no statistical significance (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 2.456). The incidence of smear positive in sputum smear was 6.19 / 100 000, and the smear positive rate in the patients was 12.855.The age of the cases was between 1630 years old and the average age was 21.09 years. The ratio of male to female was 2.61: 1, the seasonal incidence rate was the highest in the second quarter. The incidence of tuberculosis in colleges and universities is increasing every year. The incidence of sporadic patients in 2010-2015 is 49.9 / 100 thousand respectively. 47.3 / 100,000,000 418,000 / 100,000,000 or 35.6 / 100,000,000 and 38.67 / 100,000,000 respectively. The trend change is statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 / 10. 318). P0.05; The incidence rate of patients with recurrent agglomeration was 5.0 / 100,000 / 10.9 / 100,000 and 6.3 / 100,000 / 10.1 / 100, 000 and 11.7 / 100, 000, respectively. The trend change was also statistically significant (蠂 2 + 13.097 P 0.05). Conclusion the epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis among college students in Dalian City from 2010 to 2015 is not obvious. However, the aggregated epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis in schools is increasing year by year, which suggests that prevention and control should pay attention to the aggregated epidemic situation, innovate strategies, and attach importance to the work of health education in school tuberculosis to prevent the occurrence of tuberculosis.
【作者单位】：大连医科大学公共卫生学院;大连市结核病医院防治科;
【分类号】：R181.3;R52
【正文快照】： 结核病是严重危害公众健康的全球性公共卫生问题。世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)统计表明,全世界每年发生结核病800~1 000万,每年约有300万人死于结核病,是造成死亡人数最多的单一传染病[1]。目前结核病在中国仍然呈高发态势,发病数仅次于印度和印度尼西亚,是

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