宁夏两地区产褥期妇女患病影响因素及干预效果研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 21:15

本文关键词：宁夏两地区产褥期妇女患病影响因素及干预效果研究　出处：《宁夏医科大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的初步分析饮食、行为的影响因素及与健康的关系，找出存在的饮食、行为误区；通过比较对照组和干预组产褥期不同的休养方式对健康的影响，来分析探讨不同饮食、行为与健康的关系，，探索有关妇女产褥期营养健康教育模式；在单因素分析的基础上，运用多元logistic回归方法分析各种因素对产褥期患病的独立作用，以进一步探讨产褥期健康与产褥期饮食、行为等因素的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法，抽取宁夏银川市五个社区及海原县三个乡镇的6个月以内儿童的母亲作为调查对象进行入户调查，调查内容包括年龄、文化程度、经济状况、孕产期保健情况、分娩情况、产褥期生活卫生行为、产褥期饮食情况、相关营养保健知识水平及产褥期患病情况等；在基线调查所抽取的社区（行政村）中陆续选择300名在妇幼保健机构建有孕期保健卡的身体健康的孕晚期妇女(均为怀孕己满37周以上即将分娩的妇女)作为研究对象。于产前和产后住院期间在干预组对象中开展多种形式营养卫生宣教，对照组不采取干预措施，但仍同干预组一样接受常规保健服务。结果 1、570例产妇中，月子期间不吃水果的有50.2%、不吃蔬菜的有9.1%，产后第一餐吃稀饭的有85.3%；不晒太阳的有57.2%、不洗澡的有37.9%、不洗头32.5%、不刷牙的有22.6%、不用凉水的有98.8%。主要是长辈的意愿及其传统观念起主导作用；回族对产妇是否洗澡的影响有显著性；产妇的文化程度与保健知识知晓率呈正相关。 2、干预组对象营养保健知识水平有显著提高；干预组对象在洗澡、洗头等行为方面发生率均明显高于对照组；干预组患病率如便秘、痔疮、腰背痛等显著低于对照组水平。结论 1、从孕期、住院分娩、直至产后1个月内的产后访视，要不断地向产妇及其婆婆、母亲、丈夫等负责照顾产妇的家庭成员进行健康宣教，使保健知识不断得到强化，确立并形成产妇产褥期的健康行为,以利母婴身心健康。2、采用多种形式的营养卫生宣教方法能有效提高妇女营养保健知识水平从而改善妇女产褥期饮食、行为及健康状况。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the influence factors of diet, behavior and their relationship with health, and to find out the misunderstanding of diet and behavior. By comparing the health effects of different rest and recuperation methods in puerperium between control group and intervention group, the relationship between different diet, behavior and health was analyzed and the models of nutritional health education for women during puerperium were explored. On the basis of univariate analysis, the multivariate logistic regression method was used to analyze the independent effects of various factors on puerperium disease, in order to further explore the puerperium health and puerperal diet. The relationship between behavior, etc. Methods the mothers of children within 6 months from five communities in Yinchuan and three townships in Haiyuan County were selected by stratified cluster sampling for household investigation including age. Education, economic status, health care during pregnancy, delivery, life hygiene behavior during puerperium, diet during puerperium, knowledge level of related nutrition and health care and morbidity during puerperium. In the communities (administrative villages) selected from the baseline survey, 300 healthy women with maternal and child health care cards were selected in late pregnancy (all women who have been pregnant for more than 37 weeks and are about to give birth). As the study object. In the prenatal and postnatal hospitalization in the intervention group to carry out a variety of forms of nutrition and health education. The control group did not take intervention measures, but still received the same routine health care as the intervention group. Results Of the 1,570 cases, 50.2 did not eat fruit, 9.1 ate vegetables and 85.3 ate porridge for the first meal after delivery. Do not bask in the sun have 57.2, do not bathe have 37. 9 measures, do not wash 32.5, do not brush teeth have 22.6%. There are 98.8% that do not use cold water. It is mainly the will of the elders and their traditional ideas that play a leading role. The influence of Hui nationality on whether or not to bathe the pregnant women was significant; The educational level of puerpera was positively correlated with the awareness rate of health care knowledge. 2. The knowledge level of nutrition and health care in the intervention group was improved significantly; The incidence of bathing, washing and other behaviors in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The incidence of constipation, hemorrhoids and low back pain in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Conclusion 1. From pregnancy, in-hospital delivery, and postpartum visits within one month of postpartum, continuous health education should be given to the family members who are responsible for the care of the pregnant women and their mother-in-law, mothers, husbands and so on. To strengthen the knowledge of health care, to establish and form the puerperium health behavior, and to improve the physical and mental health of mother and child. 2. Using various forms of nutrition and hygiene education can effectively improve women's knowledge of nutrition and health care, and improve women's diet, behavior and health status during puerperium.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R173

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