江苏省精铸行业锆英砂粉尘浓度及主要成分分析
发布时间:2018-01-15 05:20
本文关键词:江苏省精铸行业锆英砂粉尘浓度及主要成分分析 出处:《现代预防医学》2017年07期 论文类型:期刊论文
【摘要】:目的分析我省精铸行业使用的锆英砂主要成分,并测定空气中锆英砂粉尘浓度。方法使用X射线荧光法测量锆英砂中氧化锆、二氧化硅、氧化铪、氧化铝、二氧化钛、三氧化二铬的浓度,使用焦磷酸法测量其中游离二氧化硅含量,使用重量法测量空气中锆英砂粉尘浓度。结果锆英砂中主要成分为氧化锆、二氧化硅、三氧化二铝,而游离二氧化硅含量均低于10%;调查企业空气中锆英砂粉尘浓度在1.03~14.53mg/m~3,仅有一家企业接触锆英砂粉尘岗位浓度不符合我国职业卫生标准的要求,空气中锆浓度在0.38~8.37 mg/m~3,且空气中锆浓度与粉尘浓度具有一定的相关性。结论江苏省使用的锆英砂成分复杂,主要成分为二氧化锆、二氧化硅、三氧化二铝,不能仅以其他粉尘的职业接触限值评价锆英砂的浓度,应综合考虑其毒性。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the main components of zircon sand used in investment casting industry in our province, and to determine the concentration of zircon sand dust in air. Methods the zirconia, silica, hafnium oxide and alumina in zircon sand were measured by X-ray fluorescence method. The concentration of titanium dioxide and chromium trioxide is measured by pyrophosphoric acid method and the concentration of zircon sand dust in air by gravimetric method. Results the main composition of zircon sand is zirconia. The content of silicon dioxide, aluminum trioxide and free silicon dioxide are all lower than 10%. The concentration of zircon dust in the air of enterprises was 1.03 ~ 14.53 mg / m ~ (-3). Only one enterprise exposed to zircon sand dust did not meet the requirements of occupational health standards in China. The concentration of zirconium in air is 0.38 ~ 8.37 mg / m ~ (-3), and the concentration of zirconium in air is correlated with the concentration of dust. Conclusion the composition of zircon sand used in Jiangsu Province is complex. The main components are zirconia, silicon dioxide and aluminum trioxide. The concentration of zircon sand should not be evaluated only by the occupational exposure limit of other dust. The toxicity of zircon sand should be considered comprehensively.
【作者单位】: 江苏省疾病预防控制中心;苏州市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】:江苏省预防医学基金(Y2013049) 国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0801705)
【分类号】:R134.4
【正文快照】: 江苏是我国精密铸造业的大省,目前有精密铸造企业百余家,主要集中在我省的泰州、苏州地区,占全国同类型企业的20%左右。我省精密铸造业常用的方法是砂型铸造法,在此过程中需使用大量的刚玉砂、锆英砂等作为型壳材料。据统计,2012年我国使用的锆英砂约56万吨[1],其中用于铸造行,
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