7～14岁儿童青少年心脏形态结构功能发育特点及评价敏感指标筛选

发布时间：2018-01-19 00:20

本文关键词： 儿童青少年超声心动图心脏形态结构功能敏感指标　出处：《北京体育大学学报》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:观察7~14岁儿童青少年心脏形态结构及功能的生长发育变化规律,并筛选出评价心脏形态结构、功能发育的敏感指标。方法:选取四川广安市7~14岁儿童青少年作为研究对象,无心脏疾患,自愿参加本实验。符合要求的儿童青少年580例,其中男298例,女282例,按2岁一个年龄段将其分为4组:7~8岁组206例,9~10岁组123例,11~12岁组124例,13~14岁组127例。进行超声心动测试,检测心脏形态结构指标:室间隔舒张期厚度(IVSd)、室间隔收缩期厚度(IVSs)、左心室收缩期后壁厚度(LVPWs)、左心室舒张期后壁厚度(LVPWd)、左室舒张末期内径(LVDd)、左室收缩末期内径(LVDs)及主动脉内径(AOD);左心室功能指标:左室舒张末期容积(EDV)、左室收缩末期容积(ESV)、心率(HR)、每搏量(SV)、射血分数(EF%)、左室短轴缩短率(FS%)、心输出量(CO)。结果:1)7~10岁男童心脏形态结构指标与女童相比无明显差异,7~12岁男童心脏功能指标与女童相比无明显差异。2)11~12岁男童心脏形态结构指标IVSd、IVSs、LVPWd、LVPWs、AOD均明显大于9~10岁组(P0.01或P0.05),13~14岁男童心脏形态结构仍在继续发育;心脏功能指标从9~10岁开始,在11~14岁期间各指标有上升趋势,但无明显差异,以EF%、ESV和FS%变化为主。3)女童心脏形态结构的发育从9~10岁开始,并且到了13~14岁出现另一个发育高峰期,提示女童心脏形态结构发育呈现双峰状态,敏感指标为IVSd、LVIDs、LVPWd、AOD。心脏功能指标发育趋势同形态结构指标,在9~10岁和13~14岁出现开始2个发育高峰,敏感指标为EF%、EDV、ESV和SV。结论:1)心脏形态结构从11岁开始,功能从13岁开始出现性别差异。2)男童的心脏功能发育从9~10岁开始,而形态结构发育从11~12岁开始,功能发育早于形态结构,而女童2者同步发育,且分别在9~10岁及13~14岁出现发育高峰期,呈现双峰状态。3)评价儿童青少年心脏形态结构发育的敏感指标为IVSd、LVPWd、AOD;评价功能指标发育的敏感指标为EF%和ESV。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the growth and development of cardiac morphology and function in children and adolescents aged 7 to 14 years old, and to screen and evaluate the heart morphological structure. Methods: a total of 580 children and adolescents, aged from 7 to 14 years old in Guangan City, Sichuan Province, who had no heart disease, volunteered to participate in the study. Among them, 298 males and 282 females were divided into 4 groups according to the age group of 2 years old and one age group: 206 cases in the group of 8 years of age and 123 cases in the group of 10 years old and 123 cases in the group of 1112 years old. 127 cases of 1314 years old group were examined by echocardiography. The indexes of cardiac morphology and structure were as follows: ventricular septal diastolic thickness (IVSdT), ventricular septal systolic thickness (VSBT) and ventricular septal systolic thickness (IVSs). Left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWsN), left ventricular diastolic posterior wall thickness (LVPWdN), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDdD). Left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVDs) and aortic diameter (AODD); Left ventricular function: left ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (ESVV), heart rate (HRV), stroke volume (SVV), ejection fraction (EF). Results there was no significant difference in cardiac morphology and structure between male and female. There was no significant difference in cardiac function between boys aged 12 years old and girls. The morphologic structure of the heart in the AOD group was significantly larger than that in the 10 year old group (P0.01 or P0.05) and the heart structure of 1314 years old boys was still developing. The indexes of cardiac function began from 9 to 10 years old and showed an upward trend during 1114 years old, but there was no significant difference between them (EF%). The changes of ESV and FS% were mainly. 3) the development of heart morphologic structure of girls began at 9 ~ 10 years old and reached another peak at 13 ~ 14 years old. It was suggested that the development of heart morphology and structure in girls showed double peaks, and the sensitive index was IVSdL LVIDsL PWd AOD. The development trend of cardiac function index was the same as that of morphological structure index. At the age of 9 ~ 10 years and 13 ~ 14 years old, two developmental peaks began to appear. The sensitive indexes were EFI EDV ESV and SV.Conclusion: 1) the cardiac morphologic structure starts from the age of 11 years. The development of heart function began from 9 to 10 years old, while the morphological and structural development began from 11 to 12 years old, and the function development was earlier than the morphological structure. The girls developed synchronously, and the peak of development occurred at 9 ~ 10 years old and 13 ~ 14 years old respectively, showing a bimodal state. 3) the sensitive index to evaluate the development of heart morphology and structure in children and adolescents was IVSd. LVPWdAODL; The sensitive indicators for evaluating the development of functional indicators were EF% and ESV.
【作者单位】：北京体育大学;
【基金】：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题(编号:20131112110001)
【分类号】：R540.45;R179
【正文快照】： 投稿日期:2015-12-18SV,EF%,FS%,and CO.Results:1)There are no significant differences of cardiac morphology indices be-tween 7-10 year old boys and girls and no significant differences of cardiac function indices between 7-12 year oldboys and girls.2)IVSd,

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