我国有机磷农药膳食暴露累积风险评估模型构建

发布时间：2018-01-19 11:09

本文关键词： 有机磷膳食暴露累积风险评估概率模型食品安全　出处：《东南大学学报(医学版)》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:构建有机磷膳食累积暴露概率评估模型,了解我国居民膳食有机磷累积暴露水平与暴露来源的食物贡献度。方法:利用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查的膳食消费量数据与2001年~2006年全国14个省/地区食品污染物监测网的有机磷农药监测数据,构建我国有机磷膳食累积暴露概率评估模型。结果:以甲胺磷为指示化学物,全人群、18岁及以上成人和2~6岁儿童有机磷累积暴露量的均数分别占有机磷急性暴露参考剂量(ARf D)的6.81%、5.92%、12.48%;其累积暴露量P99.9分别为ARf D的2.39倍、2.06倍、5.05倍;人群超标率分别为0.37%、0.25%、0.88%。贡献度较大的食物主要是青菜、大白菜、豇豆、茄子,累积贡献度达40.38%~41.35%;不同特征人群食物贡献度不尽相同,苹果(5.48%)和马铃薯(2.04%)对儿童贡献度较成人和全人群大。结论:我国居民膳食有机磷累积暴露分布人群变异较大,2~6岁儿童与高端暴露人群累积摄入过高应予重视;对青菜、大白菜、豇豆、茄子的有机磷残留状况应加强监管。本研究可为了解我国居民膳食有机磷累积暴露水平与暴露来源的食物贡献度、开展有机磷农药对环境污染的防治工作和食品安全风险管理工作提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish an assessment model of cumulative exposure probability of organophosphorus diet. To understand the cumulative exposure level of dietary organic phosphorus and the food contribution of exposure sources in China. Methods:. Based on the dietary consumption data from 2002 survey of nutrition and health status of Chinese residents and the monitoring data of organophosphorus pesticides from 2001 to 2006 in 14 provinces / regions of China. The cumulative exposure probability model of organophosphorus diet in China was established. Results: methamidophos was used as indicator chemical in the whole population. The average of accumulative exposure to organic phosphorus in adults aged 18 years and above and children aged 2 to 6 years was 6.81% of ARf D of acute exposure to organophosphorus and 5.92% 12.48% of ARf D; The cumulative exposure amount of P99.9 was 2.39 times of that of ARf D and 5.05 times of that of ARf D. The rate of exceeding the standard was 0.370.25 and 0.88.The main food with higher contribution was green vegetables, Chinese cabbage, cowpea, eggplant, and the cumulative contribution was 40.38% and 41.35% respectively. The food contribution of different characteristic population is different. The contribution to children was greater than that of adults and the whole population. Conclusion: the population with accumulated exposure to dietary organic phosphorus in China has greater variation. (2) the excessive cumulative intake of children aged 6 years old and high exposure population should be paid more attention to. The residual status of organophosphorus in vegetables, Chinese cabbage, cowpea and eggplant should be strengthened. This study can be used to understand the cumulative exposure level of dietary organic phosphorus and the food contribution of exposure sources. The prevention and control of environmental pollution by organophosphorus pesticides and the risk management of food safety provide scientific basis.
【作者单位】：东南大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室;国家食品安全风险评估中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21537001,81573159) 江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK2012348)
【分类号】：R155.5
【正文快照】： 农药残留是世界各国共同关注且比较敏感的食品安全问题,农药的膳食累积暴露评估是当前国际食品安全风险评估研究的热点。有机磷农药是我国使用范围最广、用量最大的农药。因用药量大且存在不规范使用农药、采摘期短等现象,以及农药的单剂混配使用和环境残留,使得人群不可避免

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