贵阳城乡初中生膳食与营养状况调查

发布时间：2018-01-22 14:47

本文关键词： 膳食营养状况学生　出处：《中国学校卫生》2015年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解贵阳城市、郊区、乡村初中生日常膳食与营养状况,为指导学生科学饮食和改善营养状况提供科学依据。方法对贵阳城市、郊区、乡村共1 621名中学生进行调查,采用连续3 d 24 h回顾法反映膳食状况,结合身高、体重应用体质量指数(BMI)评价营养状况。结果贵阳城乡初中生能量、蛋白质等摄入均略微不足;各地区初中学生钙、维生素C、维生素A摄入明显不足,仅分别占推荐摄入量(RNI)的21.69%~40.58%,38.40%~68.11%,34.71%~45.28%;不同地区初中生脂肪供能比较低,仅为10.28%~17.64%;碳水化合物供能比较高,为68.9%~80.26%。城市初中生整体营养状况相对较好,正常体重比例占69.0%;乡村地区初中生营养状况较差,正常体重仅占51.8%。结论贵阳初中生膳食结构及营养状况有待改善,尤其是乡村地区,应加强对学生膳食营养的指导和教育。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the daily dietary and nutritional status of junior high school students in Guiyang city, suburb and countryside, and to provide scientific basis for guiding students to eat scientifically and improve nutritional status. A total of 1 621 middle school students from rural areas were investigated. Dietary status was reflected by 3 days and 24 h retrospective method, combined with height. Body mass index (BMI) was used to evaluate nutritional status. Results the energy and protein intake of junior middle school students in Guiyang was slightly insufficient. The intake of calcium, vitamin C and vitamin A in junior middle school students in different regions was obviously insufficient, accounting for only 21.690.58% of the recommended intake and 68.11% of the recommended intake. 34.71 and 45.28; The fat energy supply of junior high school students in different areas was relatively low, only 10.28% 17.64%; The carbohydrate energy supply is relatively high, which is 68.9% and 80.26%. The overall nutritional status of urban junior high school students is relatively good, and the proportion of normal body weight is 69.0%. The nutritional status of junior high school students in rural areas is poor, normal body weight only accounts for 51.8. Conclusion Dietary structure and nutritional status of junior high school students in Guiyang need to be improved, especially in rural areas. We should strengthen the guidance and education of students' dietary nutrition.
【作者单位】：贵阳医学院口腔医学院;贵阳医学院临床医学院;贵阳医学院公共卫生学院;贵阳医学院化学与生物化学实验室;
【基金】：贵阳医学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(021203101)
【分类号】：R153.2
【正文快照】： 3.贵阳医学院公共卫生学院;4.贵阳医学院化学与生物化学实验室青少年正处于生长发育的关键时期,良好的膳食习惯及营养状况是他们生长发育、增强体质的重要保障,对提高学习效率和身体素质,及预防成年后的营养相关疾病等方面均有极其重要的作用[1-2]。随着我国城乡一体化步伐的

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