制造行业生产工人职业性肌肉骨骼疾患影响因素

发布时间：2018-01-27 03:44

本文关键词： 职业性肌肉骨骼疾患制造行业影响因素倒班人体工效学　出处：《中国职业医学》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的调查制造生产工人职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(OMD)的患病情况,分析其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择3家制造行业企业的1 168名一线生产工人为研究对象,采用自行设计的问卷调查其基本情况和工作过程中的人体工效学情况,采用《北欧肌肉骨骼问卷》调查OMD患病情况。根据是否罹患OMD分为非OMD组和OMD组。结果 1 168名工人OMD患病率为34.9%。与非OMD组比较,OMD组工人搬运重物时使用辅助工具得分升高(P0.01),搬运重物时直腰屈膝得分下降(P0.01)。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,男性工人罹患OMD的风险高于女性工人(P0.05);工龄越长者,发生OMD的风险越大(P0.01);倒班工人罹患OMD的风险高于非倒班工人(P0.01);在工作过程中搬运重物时使用辅助工具和搬运重物时直腰屈膝得分越高(即较少采用上述劳动行为)者,罹患OMD的风险越高(P0.05)。结论性别、工龄、倒班、劳动行为与姿势均是OMD的影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal disease (OMD) in manufacturing workers and analyze its influencing factors. A total of 1 168 first-line workers in 3 manufacturing enterprises were selected as the research objects. The basic situation and ergonomics in the process of work were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire. The Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of OMD. According to whether the patients had OMD, they were divided into non-#en2# group and OMD group. Results 1. The prevalence of OMD in 168 workers was 34. 9%, which was compared with that in non OMD group. In the OMD group, the score of using auxiliary tools was higher than that of the control group (P 0.01), and the score of straight waist flexion was lower than that of the control group (P 0.01). Two classification Logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups. The risk of OMD in male workers was higher than that in female workers (P 0.05). The older the length of service, the greater the risk of OMD. The risk of OMD in shift workers was higher than that in non-shift workers (P 0.01). The higher the score of knee flexion (i.e. less labor behavior) was the higher the risk of OMD was (P 0.05). Conclusion the higher the score of knee bending is when carrying heavy objects during work and when carrying heavy objects. Conclusion the gender is higher than that of the control group (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 05 or P = 0. 05). Years of service, shift work, labor behavior and posture were all factors affecting OMD.
【作者单位】：中山市疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：中山市医疗卫生重大科技专项(2015B1009)
【分类号】：R135
【正文快照】： 职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(Occupational musculoskeletaldisorders,OMD)又称工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患,是指在职业活动中由于不良姿势、重复操作、体力负荷过重等引起的生物力学结构或组织如神经、肌腱、韧带和肌肉的损伤,包括下背痛、工作有关颈部和上肢疾患、腕部综合征等,可致疼痛、

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