2016年天津市一起高免疫覆盖率下的中学麻疹暴发

发布时间：2018-01-28 17:03

  本文关键词： 麻疹 暴发 含麻疹成分疫苗 免疫失败　出处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析天津市津南区某中学2016年1起麻疹暴发的原因。方法对学校暴发病例开展流行病学调查,收集病例血标本和咽拭子进行实验室检测;调查全校学生含麻疹成分疫苗(Measles containing vaccine,MCV)免疫史;检测并比较津南区和无麻疹疫情的宁河区健康学生的麻疹抗体水平。结果该中学共1 530人,麻疹发病31例,其中高一年级19例、初二年级11例。26例本地病例均有≥2剂次MCV免疫史,5例外省转入学生病例免疫史不详。26例病例采集了急性期血清,其中16例麻疹IgG抗体浓度≥2 000mIU/ml,几何平均浓度(GMC)为2 819.05mIU/ml。分离到3株麻疹病毒,均为H1基因型。该校82.61%的本地学生有≥2剂次MCV免疫史。在有免疫史学生中接种后平均时间(中位数)为13.72年(5-17年)。津南区和宁河区健康学生麻疹抗体阳性率为90.96%和90.74%(x~2=0.01,P=0.94);GMC分别为488.03mIU/ml和535.49mIU/ml(t=-1.19,P=0.23)。结论继发性免疫失败(Secondary vaccination failure,SVF)是本起学校麻疹暴发的原因;SVF在麻疹病毒传播中的作用需要更多的研究。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the causes of a measles outbreak in a middle school in Jinnan District of Tianjin on 2016. Methods Epidemiological investigation was carried out on school outbreak cases and blood samples and throat swabs were collected for laboratory examination. To investigate the immunization history of measles vaccine measures containing vaccine in the whole school. The measles antibody levels of healthy students in south Jinnan district and Ninghe district without measles epidemic were detected and compared. Results there were 1 530 cases of measles in this middle school, 31 cases of measles, including 19 cases of grade one in senior high school. There were more than 2 doses of MCV immunization in 11 cases and 26 local cases in grade 2 of junior high school. 5 cases were transferred to the province and the history of immunization was unknown. 26 cases were collected the serum of acute phase. Among them, 16 measles IgG antibody concentration 鈮，

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