安徽省2014～2015年农村饮用水水质监测结果分析

发布时间：2018-01-29 03:11

本文关键词： 农村饮用水卫生指标　出处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的进一步掌握安徽省农村饮用水水质卫生状况及其变化趋势。方法按照《全国农村饮水安全工程卫生监测技术方案》的要求,在安徽省涉农县(市、区)60%以上的乡镇,开展农村地区生活饮用水水质监测,每个监测点在枯水期和丰水期各检测1次,每次采集出厂水、末梢水水样。结果 2年来,共监测3 174个工程,采取完全处理的集中式供水工程占53.0%,消毒方式主要是二氧化氯消毒,占59.0%;其次是漂白粉消毒,占16.8%。2年共监测水样12 075份,合格水样7 253份,水质总体合格率为60.1%,集中式供水合格率最高,其次是学校自建式供水,分散式供水合格率为最低(χ2=104.71,P0.001)。出厂水水质合格率高于末梢水(χ2=9.81,P0.05),枯水期水质合格率高于丰水期(χ2=47.77,P0.001),地面水水质合格率高于地下水(χ2=54.90,P0.001);监测指标以总大肠菌群合格率最低,为79.1%,其次是耐热大肠菌群和菌落总数,分别为86.9%、89.4%。结论安徽省农村居民生活饮用水水质中微生物指标合格率偏低,存在介水传染病发生的潜在风险,应引起相关部门高度重视。
[Abstract]:Objective to further understand the situation of drinking water quality and its changing trend in rural areas of Anhui Province. Methods according to the requirements of the National Technical Program for Sanitary Monitoring of Rural drinking Water Safety Project, it was found in the agricultural counties (cities) of Anhui Province. More than 60% of the villages and towns carried out the monitoring of drinking water quality in rural areas, each monitoring point in the dry and high water periods, each time to collect factory water, water samples from the end of the two years. A total of 3 174 projects were monitored, 53.0% of them were centralized water supply projects with complete treatment, and chlorine dioxide was the main disinfection method, accounting for 59.0%; The second was bleaching powder disinfection, accounting for 12 075 water samples and 7 253 qualified water samples in 16.8.2 years. The overall qualified rate of water quality was 60.1, and the qualified rate of centralized water supply was the highest. The qualified rate of distributed water supply was the lowest (蠂 2104.71g P 0.001g). The qualified rate of factory water quality was higher than that of peripheral water (蠂 2 + 9.81% P 0.05). The qualified rate of water quality in dry season was higher than that in high water period (蠂 ~ 2 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)) and the qualified rate of surface water quality was higher than that of groundwater (蠂 ~ (2 +) ~ (54.90) P _ (0.001)). The qualification rate of total coliform group was the lowest (79.1%), followed by heat-resistant coliform group (86.9%) and total bacterial count (86.9%). Conclusion the qualified rate of microbial indexes in drinking water quality of rural residents in Anhui Province is low, and there is a potential risk of the occurrence of water-borne infectious diseases, which should be attached great importance to by relevant departments.
【作者单位】：安徽省疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R123.9
【正文快照】： 农村饮用水安全问题直接关系到广大人民群众的健康,是影响居民健康水平的重要因素。2008年以来,国家加大农村饮水工程的建设,农村集中式供水逐渐增多,而饮水安全管理问题也成为农村卫生的重要课题之一[1]。为进一步掌握安徽省农村饮用水水质卫生状况及其变化趋势,现将2014~201

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