宁夏南部山区农业伤害研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 04:27

本文关键词： 农业伤害经济负担影响因素　出处：《宁夏医科大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的了解宁夏南部山区居民农业伤害的流行病学特点和探索伤害发生的原因及其影响因素，为开展我区农业伤害的预防控制工作提供科学依据。估计宁夏南部山区居民农业伤害的疾病负担，从而阐明农业伤害对社会经济和家庭的危害性，为政府部门提供决策依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法按照统一的调查表、统一的标准调查2010年1月1日~2010年12月30日期间伤害的发生情况。对发生伤害的居民要求填写受伤情况(包括时间、地点、谁致伤、伤害原因、部位、伤情、伤后处理、伤后休息、缺勤、看护情况和治疗花费)，没有伤害的只填写一般人口学特征及健康状况表。采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取西吉、海原、同心三个县44个乡146个村2118户家庭居民中的4611名居民作为研究对象，制作调查问卷进行现场调查，调查数据整理分析。结果本次调查结果显示农业伤害的发生率为9.09%，农业伤害的发生人次率为12.62%，其中发生过一次农业伤害的占77.1%，发生两次的占12.4%，三次及以上的占了10.5%。男性农业伤害发生率高于女性，文化程度越高发生率越低，农业伤害种类居于前五位的是刀/锐器伤、扭伤/拉伤、机动车伤、跌倒/坠落和钝器伤。农业伤害发生的时间分布主要集中6-9月份，农业伤害的发生地点以农田或农场最多，受伤部位中以上下肢部位为主，最主要受伤原因的是注意力不集中，受伤程度以轻微或者一般为主，发生农业伤害后大多数人选择了自己处理，多因素分析显示，年龄、民族、婚姻状况、主要职业、农闲时从事的活动、生产方式、视力、是否残疾、是否吃药、压力状况、失眠情况、服用安眠药情况、吸烟情况、接受安全教育情况和年从事农活月数等是农业伤害发生的主要影响因素。发生农业伤害的人员中就诊率为3.72%，住院率为1.61%，就诊人次率为4.01%，住院人次率为1.63%。直接经济负担总额为489890元，人均总费用为1169.19元，在不同的伤害种类中，直接经济负担总额和医疗费用总额居于前四位的均是机动车伤、跌倒/坠落伤、刀/锐器伤和扭伤/拉伤。结论农业伤害已经给农村居民带来了极大的身体伤害，同时给农村居民带来了极大的经济损失，农业伤害流行病学特点明显，男性、少数民族、文化程度低、离婚丧偶等农业伤害的发生率高，在制定和采取相应的防治措施和安全知识宣传和普及的同时要充分考虑农业伤害的种类、月份分布、人群特点及其影响因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of agricultural injuries and explore the causes and influencing factors of agricultural injuries in mountainous areas of southern Ningxia. To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of agricultural injury in our region, to estimate the disease burden of agricultural injury in the southern mountainous area of Ningxia, and to clarify the harm of agricultural injury to social economy and family. Provide decision basis for government departments. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted according to the unified questionnaire. Uniform criteria were used to investigate the occurrence of injuries during the period from January 1st 2010 to December 30th 2010. Residents who suffered injuries were required to fill in the injury (including time, location, and who caused the injury). Cause of injury, location, condition of injury, post-injury treatment, post-injury rest, absence, care and treatment costs). Only general demographic characteristics and health status were filled out without injury. The methods of multi-stage random sampling were used to select Xiji and Haiyuan. 4611 family residents of 146 villages in 44 counties of Tongxin three counties were selected as research objects, and questionnaire was made to carry out field investigation. Results the results showed that the incidence of agricultural injury was 9.09 and the incidence rate of agricultural injury was 12.62%. One agricultural injury occurred in 77.1 percent, two in 12.4, and three and more in 10.5.The incidence of agricultural injury in men was higher than that in women. The higher the education level, the lower the incidence rate. The top five types of agricultural injuries were knife / sharp injury, sprain / strain, motor vehicle injury. Fall / fall and blunt instrument injury. The time distribution of agricultural injury mainly concentrated in June-September. The agricultural injury occurred mostly in farmland or farm. The main cause of injury is focus, the degree of injury is mild or general, most people choose their own treatment after agricultural injury, multi-factor analysis shows that age, nationality, marital status. Major occupations, activities in leisure time, mode of production, vision, disability, whether to take medicine, stress, insomnia, taking sleeping pills, smoking. Safety education and the number of months of agricultural work were the main influencing factors of agricultural injury. The rate of consultation and hospitalization were 3.72 and 1.61% respectively. The total direct economic burden was 489890 yuan, the total cost per capita was 1,169.19 yuan, among the different kinds of injury, the rate of visiting the doctor was 4.01, and the rate of hospitalization was 1.630.The total direct economic burden was 489890 yuan and the total cost per capita was 1,169.19 yuan. The total direct economic burden and total medical expenses were all motor vehicle injury, fall / fall injury, knife / sharp instrument injury and sprain / strain injury. Conclusion Agricultural injury has brought great physical injury to rural residents and great economic loss to rural residents. The epidemiological characteristics of agricultural injury are obvious, male, ethnic minorities, low education level. The incidence of agricultural injuries such as divorce and widowhood is high. The types, month distribution, population characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural injuries should be taken into full consideration when formulating and adopting corresponding prevention measures and safety knowledge propaganda and popularization.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R139

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