2015-2016年北京市朝阳区流感流行特征及病原学分析

发布时间：2018-02-28 11:25

本文关键词： 流感人人群监测流行病学研究　出处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析北京市朝阳区2015-2016年度流行性感冒(流感)流行特征,为今后流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法对北京市朝阳区2015-2016年度的流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)报告数据、流感病原学监测数据以及流感聚集性疫情情况进行流行病学分析。结果 2015-2016年度北京市朝阳区共报告ILI病例187 072例,平均流感样病例的百分比(%)为2.42%。ILI病例数和ILI%均呈明显的季节性特征,在冬季出现一个高峰,峰值分别出现在2016年的第6周和第7周。报告的ILI病例以0~4岁组为主,占总数的44.78%。本年度共采集流感样病例咽拭子标本2 082件,检测流感病毒核酸阳性397件,检出率为19.07%。检出率出现第31~40周和第51周至次年第13周两个明显的高峰,以冬季高峰为主。本年度4种型别的流感病毒均有检出,B(Yamagata)系、A(H3N2)和B(Victoria)系交替成为主要的流行株。2015-2016年度,北京市朝阳区报告流感聚集性疫情43起,发生在托幼机构和小学的疫情最多,为42起(97.67%)。ILI%、ILI病例数均与流感病毒检出率呈正相关(rs=0.644,P0.001;rs=0.600,P0.001)。结论 2015-2016年度北京市朝阳区不同亚型流感病毒交替流行,ILI监测、病原学监测和聚集性疫情的特征基本一致。加强监测对于辖区内流感防控具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza (influenza) in Chaoyang District of Beijing in 2015-2016, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza in the future. Methods to report the data of influenza-like influenza cases from 2015 to 2016 in Chaoyang District, Beijing, China. Epidemiological analysis of influenza pathogenic monitoring data and influenza aggregated epidemic situation was carried out. Results 187,072 cases of ILI were reported in Chaoyang District of Beijing in 2015-2016. The average percentage of influenza-like cases was 2.42. The number of cases and the percentage of ILI% were obviously seasonal, and a peak occurred in winter, which occurred in the 6th week and 7th week of 2016, respectively. The reported ILI cases were mainly in 0-4 years old group. A total of 2082 throat swabs of influenza-like cases were collected in this year, and 397 of them were positive for influenza virus nucleic acids, the detection rate was 19.07. The detection rate showed two obvious peaks at the 31th week and the 51st to the 13th week. In this year, four types of influenza viruses were detected, the strain of AH3N2) and the strain of Victoria.2015-2016, 43 cases of influenza agglomeration were reported in Chaoyang District, Beijing. The number of cases of ILI was positively correlated with the detection rate of influenza virus. Conclusion the infection rate of different subtypes of influenza virus in Chaoyang District, Beijing, 2015-2016, was monitored alternately by ILI, the number of cases of ILI was positively correlated with the detection rate of influenza virus, and the number of cases was positively correlated with the detection rate of influenza virus, P 0.001 P 0.001. Conclusion the epidemic rate of different subtypes of influenza virus in Chaoyang District, Beijing, from 2015 to 2016 is higher than that of the control group. The characteristics of etiological surveillance and aggregated epidemic are basically the same, and it is of great significance to strengthen surveillance for influenza prevention and control in the area of jurisdiction.
【作者单位】：北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系;北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心流行病与地方病控制科;
【分类号】：R511.7;R181.3

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