医用X射线诊断受检者个人防护用品使用效果研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 03:36

本文关键词： X射线诊断个人防护用品防护效果受检者　出处：《环境与职业医学》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的]探讨医疗机构开展X射线诊断时受检者个人防护用品的使用效果,以保障受检者的健康与安全。[方法]在CT摄影、普通摄影和胃肠造影等诊断检查过程中,对受检者的非投照部位使用不同的个人防护用品,采用热释光剂量计在个人防护用品内侧和外侧进行布点测量,比较个人防护用品内侧和外侧的辐射剂量变化,评价其使用效果。[结果]CT检查、胃肠造影检查和普通摄影检查时使用个人防护用品的辐射剂量屏蔽率可达73.3%、85.2%和8.0%,铅防护帽、铅橡胶防护背心和铅橡胶防护围裙内侧的辐射剂量明显低于外侧(P0.05),但胸片摄影检查时铅橡胶防护围裙内侧和外侧的辐射剂量无明显差异(P0.05)。[结论]个人防护用品在X射线诊断检查过程中对受检者非投照部位可起到一定的屏蔽防护作用,尤其在CT和胃肠造影检查过程中效果更为明显。但有部分布点部位个人防护用品内侧的辐射剂量反而高于外侧,可能是个人防护用品穿戴贴合不够严密和X射线的散射作用所致。
[Abstract]:[objective] to explore the effect of personal protective equipment (PPE) used in X-ray diagnosis in medical institutions in order to ensure the health and safety of the patients. [methods] in the course of CT, general radiography and gastrointestinal angiography, Different personal protective devices were used in the non-radiating parts of the subjects. The distribution points were measured on the inside and outside of the personal protective articles by thermoluminescence meter, and the radiation dose changes were compared between the inside and the outside of the personal protective articles. [results] the radiation dose shielding rate of personal protective equipment used in CT, gastroenterography and general radiography was 73.32% and 8.0%, respectively. The radiation dose on the inside of lead rubber protective vest and lead rubber protective apron was significantly lower than that on the outer side of the apron, but there was no significant difference in radiation dose between inside and outside of lead rubber protective apron on chest radiography. In the process of X-ray diagnosis and examination, it can play a certain role in shielding and protecting the non-radiating parts of the subjects. Especially in the course of CT and gastroenterography, the radiation dose on the inside of some personal protective equipment was higher than that on the outside. It may be due to inadequate fitting of personal protective gear and X-ray scattering.
【作者单位】：复旦大学放射医学研究所放射卫生研究室;上海市卫生和计划生育委员会监督所医疗专项技术与质量安全监督科;
【基金】：医用X射线诊断受检者防护用品配置与使用研究(编号:20124390) 上海市卫计委2015年度地方卫生标准预研制项目(X射线手术室放射卫生防护与检测评价规范,无编号)
【分类号】：R142

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