噪声作业工人不同频率听力改变特征分析

发布时间：2018-03-03 23:34

本文选题：噪声　切入点：听力损失　出处：《中国职业医学》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析噪声接触对作业工人不同频率听力的影响。方法采用判断抽样方法,以广州市某机械制造厂2 411名噪声作业工人为研究对象,对其进行纯音听阈测试,分析不同频率听阈损失情况及其与噪声作业工龄的关系。结果 2 411名噪声作业工人中,883人有不同程度的听阈下降,检出率为36.6%;其中,仅单耳听力损失检出率为19.6%(472/2 411),双耳听力损失检出率为17.0%(411/2 411)。研究对象左耳听力损失检出率高于右耳(P0.05),且左耳0.5、3.0和6.0 kHz频率听阈下降的检出率均高于右耳相同频率(P0.05);左耳和右耳听阈下降的检出率均随频率的升高而增加(P0.01),均以6.0 kHz频率听阈下降的检出率最高。左耳0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0和6.0 kHz频率的听阈均高于右耳相同频率(P0.05)。研究对象听力损失检出率随噪声作业工龄的增加而增加(P0.01);除0.5 kHz频率外,1.0~6.0 kHz频率听阈下降的检出率均随噪声作业工龄的增加而增加(P0.05)。结论噪声作业工人听阈下降以6.0 kHz频率较为显著;左耳听力较右耳易受损;噪声接触时间与各频率的听力损失存在剂量-效应关系。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the effect of noise exposure on the hearing of workers at different frequencies. Results among the 2 411 noise exposed workers, 883 of them had different degrees of decrease of hearing threshold, the detection rate was 36. 6%, among them, the loss of hearing threshold at different frequencies and the relationship between the loss of hearing threshold and the working age of noise workers were analyzed. The detectable rate of hearing loss in the left ear was higher than that in the right ear (P 0.05). The detection rate of hearing loss in the left ear was higher than that in the right ear (P 0.05), and the hearing threshold of 0.53.0 and 6.0 kHz in the left ear was higher than that in the right ear. The detectable rate of hearing threshold decrease in left ear and right ear increased with the increase of frequency, and the highest rate was 6.0 kHz. The hearing threshold of the left ear was higher than that of the same frequency in the right ear (P 0.05). The detectable rate increased with the increase of noise working time (P 0.01), and the decrease of hearing threshold of 1.0 kHz (1.0 kHz) except 0.5 kHz was increased with the increase of noise working time. Conclusion the decrease of hearing threshold in noise exposed workers is more significant than that in noise exposure (6.0 kHz). The hearing of left ear is more easily damaged than that of right ear, and there is a dose-effect relationship between noise exposure time and hearing loss at different frequencies.
【作者单位】：广州市第十二人民医院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81470146) 广州市医学重点学科建设项目(穗卫科教[2016]27号) 广州市“121人才梯队工程”后备人才项目(穗人社发[2011]167号) 广州市民生科技重大项目(2014Y2-00067) 广州市职业环境与健康效应重点实验室建设项目(2014SY000020)
【分类号】：R135.8

【相似文献】