中国2004—2015年突发水污染事件监测数据分析

发布时间：2018-03-05 01:31

本文选题：突发水污染事件　切入点：监测　出处：《中国公共卫生》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解2004—2015年中国突发水污染事件概况及发展趋势。方法运用描述流行病学方法对2004—2015年中国疾病预防控制中心突发公共卫生事件信息管理系统报告的水污染事件进行分析。结果2004—2015年突发公共卫生事件信息管理系统共有23个省份共报告126起水污染事件,累计病例16 571例,死亡3例。3、7和9月为全年事件报告数较多月份,3个月事件数之和为42起,占事件报告总数的37.3%。能够确定污染环节的共102起事件,化学性水污染事件有36起。能够明确污染环节的事件102起,城市集中供水污染42起,农村集中供水污染20起,农村自备水污染27起。涉及学校事件共46起,涉及学校40所,暴露人口176 936人,发病4 572例。结论 2004—2015年突发水污染事件数总体呈现下降趋势,部分月份报告事件数较多,并无地区和城乡差异。污染原因以工业废水污染及生活废弃物污染为主。污染物以大肠埃希菌和砷污染为主。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the general situation and development trend of unexpected water pollution events in China from 2004 to 2015. Methods the water pollution events reported by the Information Management system of Emergency Public Health events of the China Center for Disease Prevention and Control from 2004 to 2015 were investigated by descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 126 water pollution incidents were reported by the Information Management system for Emergent Public Health events in 23 provinces between 2004 and 2015, A total of 16,571 cases, 3 deaths, 3 deaths and September were reported for the whole year. The total number of incidents reported for the whole year was 42, accounting for 37.3 percent of the total number of incidents reported. The total number of incidents that could determine the pollution link was 102. There were 36 incidents of chemical water pollution. There were 102 incidents that could clarify the pollution links, 42 cases of concentrated water pollution in urban areas, 20 cases of water pollution in rural areas, and 27 cases of water pollution from rural areas. There were 46 incidents involving schools and 40 cases involving schools. The exposed population was 176 936 and the incidence was 4 572. Conclusion the total number of sudden water pollution incidents from 2004 to 2015 showed a downward trend, and the number of reported incidents was more in some months. There was no difference between urban and rural areas. The main causes of pollution were industrial waste water pollution and domestic waste pollution, and the main pollutants were Escherichia coli and arsenic pollution.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心;北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：原卫生部公益性行业科研专项(201302004) 高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项(民用部分)(10-Y30B11-9001-14/16)
【分类号】：R123.1

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