上海市长宁区中小学校直饮水卫生状况及影响因素

发布时间：2018-03-10 11:29

本文选题：中小学校　切入点：直饮水　出处：《环境与职业医学》2015年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：[目的]掌握上海市长宁区中小学校直饮水卫生现状及其影响因素,提出相应的管理对策。[方法]以该区设立直饮水的26所中小学校的98台直饮水设备作为研究对象。在2014年5月,根据《上海市中小学校校园直饮水工程建设和维护基本要求》,设计调查表进行直饮水的卫生管理调查。在2014年6月,对每台设备出水开展水质检测,并按CJ 94—2005《饮用净水水质标准》评价。通过与14名专家的逐个访谈,并应用非条件二元logistic回归得出影响直饮水菌落总数超标的危险因素。[结果]调查结果提示直饮水的卫生管理在环境卫生、设备情况、管理制度、水质自检、维护记录、档案管理各方面均存在较多问题。水质检测结果显示菌落总数超标明显,其合格率为69.4%,另有浑浊度、镉和铁的轻度超标(合格率分别为95.9%、98.0%和99.0%)。专家访谈结果提示导致菌落总数超标的危险因素既可能来自于设备本身,也可能来自于运行维护。logistic回归分析显示设有直饮水水箱、总氯水平0.05 mg/L为直饮水菌落总数超标的危险因素(OR=11.880,95%CI:3.567~39.570;OR=10.736,95%CI:2.728~42.254)。[结论]上海市长宁区中小学直饮水存在卫生问题。建议对《上海市中小学校校园直饮水工程建设和维护基本要求》进行修改,重点针对导致菌落总数和部分金属离子超标的可能危险因素进行控制。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the current situation of drinking water sanitation in primary and secondary schools in Changning District of Shanghai and its influencing factors. The corresponding management countermeasures were put forward. [methods] 98 direct drinking water equipments in 26 primary and middle schools in this area were taken as the research object. In May 2014, According to the basic requirements of Construction and maintenance of Shanghai Primary and Middle School Campus Direct drinking Water Project, a questionnaire was designed to investigate the sanitary management of direct drinking water. In June 2014, the water quality of each equipment was tested. According to CJ 94-2005, the quality standard of drinking water was evaluated, and 14 experts were interviewed one by one. The non-conditional binary logistic regression was used to obtain the risk factors affecting the total number of bacteria in direct drinking water. [results] the results showed that the sanitary management of direct drinking water in environmental hygiene, equipment, management system, water quality self-examination, maintenance of records, There are many problems in all aspects of file management. The results of water quality test show that the total number of colonies exceeds the standard obviously, the qualified rate is 69.4%, and there is turbidity. The qualified rates of cadmium and iron were 95.9% and 99.0%, respectively. The results of the expert interview indicated that the risk factors that caused the total number of bacteria to exceed the standard could come from both the equipment itself and the running maintenance. Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a direct drinking water tank. The total chlorine level (0. 05 mg/L) is the risk factor for the total number of direct drinking water colonies exceeding the standard. [conclusion] there are sanitary problems in direct drinking water for primary and secondary schools in Changning District, Shanghai. It is suggested that the basic requirements for Construction and maintenance of Direct drinking Water in Shanghai Primary and Middle School Campus should be revised. Emphasis is placed on the control of the possible risk factors leading to colony counts and partial metal ions exceeding the standard.
【作者单位】：长宁区卫生局卫生监督所;上海申丰地质新技术应用研究所有限公司;上海交通大学公共卫生学院;复旦大学公共卫生学院;
【基金】：上海市卫生局卫生监督所科研基金项目(编号:2013004)
【分类号】：R123.1

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