郊区吸烟者的吸烟现状及戒烟意愿调查

发布时间：2018-03-11 04:42

本文选题：吸烟　切入点：戒烟　出处：《护理管理杂志》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的调查郊区吸烟者的吸烟现状与戒烟意愿,从而为医务人员有针对性地为郊区吸烟者开展戒烟干预提供依据。方法选择北京市郊区某综合性医院门诊的228例成年吸烟者,以匿名方式进行尼古丁依赖量表问卷调查。结果在228例现在吸烟者中,男性占81.58%,文化程度在高中及以下者占77.63%,合并慢性疾病者占58.77%,烟龄中位数达20年,每日吸烟者占94.30%,每日吸烟量中位数为18.32支,尼古丁依赖程度较重(中度及以上者占56.59%),从未尝试过戒烟者占71.05%;尼古丁依赖评分与年龄、每月买烟费用、总烟龄、每日吸烟量呈正相关(P0.05),与文化程度呈负相关(P0.05),居住在周边农村及山区的吸烟者尼古丁依赖评分明显高于居住在县城的吸烟者(P0.05),合并慢性疾病的吸烟者尼古丁依赖评分显著高于未合并慢性疾病的吸烟者(P0.05),每日吸烟者的尼古丁依赖评分显著高于偶尔吸烟者(P0.05)。医疗付费方式(自费)、总烟龄长、吸第一支烟年龄早是影响戒烟意愿的阻碍因素。结论北京市郊区吸烟者存在吸烟行为居高不下、戒烟意愿低的严峻现状,应当全面实施戒烟干预,尤其应注意增强医疗付费方式为自费、总烟龄长、吸第一支烟年龄早的吸烟人群的戒烟动机。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the smoking status and willingness of smokers in suburban areas, so as to provide evidence for medical staff to carry out smoking cessation intervention. Methods 228 adult smokers in outpatient clinic of a general hospital in suburb of Beijing were selected. Results among 228 current smokers, 81.58 were male, 77.63 were educated in high school and below, 58.77 were complicated with chronic diseases, and the median smoking age was 20 years. The proportion of smokers was 94.30 and the median daily smoking was 18.32. The degree of nicotine dependence was heavy (moderate or above 56.59, 71.05% of those who had never tried to quit smoking, nicotine dependence score and age, monthly cost of buying cigarettes, total smoking age, total smoking age, and the proportion of smokers who had never tried to quit smoking were 71.05%). There was a positive correlation between daily smoking volume and educational level. The nicotine dependence score of smokers living in rural and mountainous areas was significantly higher than that of smokers living in county towns. The nicotine dependence of smokers with chronic diseases was significantly higher than that of smokers living in county towns, and that of smokers with chronic diseases was significantly higher than that of smokers living in rural and mountainous areas. The score of nicotine dependence of smokers was significantly higher than that of smokers without chronic diseases, and the nicotine dependence score of daily smokers was significantly higher than that of occasional smokers. Conclusion smoking behavior of smokers in suburb of Beijing is very high and their willingness to quit smoking is low. Therefore, smoking cessation intervention should be carried out in an all-round way. In particular, we should pay more attention to the self-expense, long smoking age and early smoking motivation of the first cigarette smokers.
【作者单位】：首都医科大学密云教学医院门诊治疗中心;北京大学护理学院;
【分类号】：R163

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