老年人的心理健康与日常生活活动能力、社会支持的横断面调查研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 06:27

本文选题：老年人　切入点：心理健康　出处：《中国康复医学杂志》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:了解社区老年人的心理健康、日常生活活动能力(Activities of daily living,ADL)和社会支持现状,为探索针对性的社区心理干预方法和心理健康服务模式提供参考。方法:运用整群随机抽样方法,对静安区600名60岁以上社区老年人进行横断面调查研究,采用记忆障碍自评表(AD8)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、老年抑郁量表(GDS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、ADL能力量表对老年人的心理健康、ADL能力和社会支持状况进行评估,预警老年人的心理健康问题,了解老年人心理健康状况与ADL能力、社会功能状况的相关性。结果:600位社区老年人纳入研究,平均年龄72.49±9.55岁。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、退休前职业性质的老年人的心理健康状况差异具有显著性意义(P0.05);老年人的心理健康状况与ADL能力、社会支持之间呈显著正相关(P0.01);年龄和文化程度是老年人ADL能力和社会支持的影响因素(P0.05),性别和退休前职业性质对老年人的ADL能力和社会支持状况无影响(P0.05)。结论:文化程度低、退休前从事体力劳动的高龄老年女性的心理健康状况相对较差,文化程度低的高龄老年人的ADL能力下降明显,社会支持体系不健全。因此,应针对性地加强心理健康宣教力度,探索有效的社区干预方法和服务模式,预防心理疾病的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the mental health, activities of daily activities and social support status of the elderly in the community. Methods: using cluster random sampling method, 600 elderly people over 60 years old in Jingan district were investigated by cross-sectional investigation. The mental health ability and social support status of the elderly were assessed with the memory impairment self-rating scale (AD8), the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), the elderly depression scale (GDSs), and the social support rating scale (SSRS+ ADL), and the mental health problems of the elderly were warned. To understand the correlation between mental health status and ADL ability and social function of the elderly. Results: the average age of the study was 72.49 卤9.55 years old, with different gender, age, education level, and the average age was 72.49 卤9.55 years. There was significant difference in the mental health status of the old people before retirement (P 0.05), the mental health status of the elderly and the ability of ADL. There was a significant positive correlation between social support, age and education were the influencing factors of ADL ability and social support in the elderly, and gender and pre-retirement occupation had no effect on the ADL ability and social support status of the elderly. Conclusion: the education level is low. The mental health status of the elderly women who engaged in manual labor before retirement was relatively poor, the ADL ability of the older people with low education level decreased obviously, and the social support system was not perfect. Therefore, the propaganda and education of mental health should be strengthened. To explore effective community intervention methods and service models to prevent the occurrence of mental illness.
【作者单位】：上海市静安区精神卫生中心;上海市精神卫生中心;
【基金】：2014年上海市卫生和计划生育委员会青年课题(20144Y0188)
【分类号】：R161.7

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