海南省居民高温天气健康风险感知与适应研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 12:01

本文选题：高温天气　切入点：人群健康　出处：《中国疾病预防控制中心》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：了解我国热带海岛地区居民对高温天气健康风险的感知和适应行为现状,分析影响人群高温健康风险感知和适应的主要因素,探索改善居民高温风险感知及适应行为的策略。方法：采用问卷调查及专题小组讨论、个人深入访谈等定性和定量方法,对海口市、三亚市、定安县、昌江县成年居民进行调查,共回收有效问卷1316份,进行专题小组讨论12组70人,个人深入访谈13入。结果：1.定量调查结果：(1)调查对象1316人,其中男性占50.99%,60岁及以上占6.38%,19.00%患有慢性疾病。(2)调查对象中74.24%听说过气候变化,42.40%认为天气变热的主要原因是CO2大量排放,32.52%认为是空气污染。(3)调查对象中,30.24%认为高温天气是当地危害最大的天气灾害,91.95%在高温天气出现不适症状,27.57%感觉原有疾病加重。(4)调查对象高温天气健康风险感知度平均得分为2.95,认为高温天气对自己健康危害几乎没有、较小、一般、较大、很大的比例分别为7.15%、22.41%、42.86%、23.63%、3.95%。居住在高温天气频发地区、相关知识了解程度高、健康状况较差、在高温天气中原有疾病加重者风险感知度较高,家庭收入高者风险感知度低。(5)调查对象中79.10%在高温天气中采取了防护措施,最常采取的措施是多喝水、开窗通风、避免外出等。高温天气健康风险感知是采取防控措施的重要因素(OR：7.20,95%CI：3.93-13.19)。(6)电视是调查对象获取天气信息的主要途径,其次为手机信息和互联网。 2.定性研究结果：(1)共组织专题小组讨论12组70人,个人深入访谈13人,访谈对象平均年龄68.75岁,其中44人患有高血压等慢性疾病。(2)访谈对象多数认为高温天气对自己影响不大。所有访谈对象均采取了防控措施,主要为避免外出、多喝水等。电视是访谈对象获取天气信息的主要途径。结论：海南省居民对高温天气健康风险感知度不高,适应行为有待改善。今后需要拓宽高温预警信息发布渠道,采取有效风险沟通措施提高居民高温风险感知,促进适应行为实施,减少高温天气对人群健康的影响。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the current situation of health risk perception and adaptation behavior of residents in tropical islands in China, and to analyze the main factors affecting the perception and adaptation of high temperature health risk. To explore strategies to improve residents'awareness of high temperature risk and adaptive behavior. Methods: 1316 valid questionnaires were collected from adult residents of Haikou, Sanya, Dingan and Changjiang by means of questionnaire survey, panel discussion and personal in-depth interview. A panel discussion of 12 groups of 70 people, personal in-depth interviews into 13. Results: 1.The result of a quantitative survey was 1316 people. Of the respondents, 74.24% had heard of climate change and 42.40% thought that the main reason for the weather becoming hot was that CO2 emitted a large amount of air pollution and 32.52% thought it was air pollution (30.24% of the respondents thought that high temperature was the main reason for the study.) in the survey, 74.24% of the respondents had heard of climate change and 42.40% thought that the main reason for the weather becoming hotter was the heavy emission of CO2. 32.52% thought it was air pollution. Gas is the most harmful weather hazard in the area. 91.95% of the respondents had symptoms of discomfort in high temperature weather and 27.57% felt that the original disease was aggravated.) the average score of health risk perception in high temperature weather was 2.95, and it was believed that high temperature weather had almost no harm to one's own health. Small, general, larger, and very large proportions are 7.15, 22.41, 42.86, 23.63 and 3.95. living in areas with frequent high temperature weather, they have a high level of knowledge, poor health, and a higher risk perception of those who have been aggravated by diseases in high temperature weather. 79.10% of the respondents took protective measures in high temperature weather. The most common measures were drinking more water, opening windows and ventilation. High temperature weather health risk perception is an important factor to take prevention and control measures. TV is the main way to get weather information, followed by mobile phone information and Internet. 2. Qualitative research results: (1) A total of 70 people in 12 groups were organized for panel discussions, and 13 individuals were interviewed in depth. The average age of the participants was 68.75 years old. Among them, 44 people were suffering from chronic diseases such as hypertension. Most of the respondents thought that the high temperature weather had little effect on them. All the respondents took preventive measures, mainly to avoid going out. Drink plenty of water, etc. TV is the main way to get weather information. Conclusion: the health risk awareness of residents in Hainan Province is not high, and the adaptive behavior needs to be improved. In the future, it is necessary to broaden the distribution channels of high temperature warning information and take effective risk communication measures to improve residents' awareness of high temperature risk. Promote the implementation of adaptive behavior, reduce the impact of high temperature weather on the health of the population.
【学位授予单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R122

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