手术室护士血源性职业暴露及标准预防认知和执行情况现状调查

发布时间：2018-04-03 05:20

本文选题：手术室　切入点：血源性职业暴露　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：了解长春三级甲等医院手术室护士血源性职业暴露、标准预防认知以及执行的现状，使管理层能加强认识，提出相应的管理对策及培训项目，提高护士标准预防依从性，从而降低院内感染的发生。方法： 2012年4月到2012年7月使用方便抽样选择长春市3家三级甲等医院，自制问卷对注册护士进行标准预防的认知及执行情况的调查。调查内容包括个人基本情况、护士血源性职业暴露和职业感染的情况、手术室护士标准预防的认知情况、标准预防实践情况。结果：本次调查共发放200份调查问卷，收回有效问卷169份，有效回收率为84.5%。在调查对象中女性占91.7%，学历中本科人数最多有71人（43.6%）。最长34年，平均9.92±8.89年。接受过标准预防培训的护士占56.8%,未接受过标准预防培训的护士占43.2%。调查一年内发生针刺伤大于3次46人（27.2%）。发生血源性职业暴露最主要原因是职业暴露太频繁、防不胜防占58%，影响戴护目镜的最主要原因是戴上不舒服占45.4%。标准预防认知最高分7分，最低3分。标准预防执行情况最高79分，最低分51分。年龄、护龄、文化程度、职称等不是影响标准预防认知的因素（P0.05），培训情况是标准预防认知的影响因素(P0.05)年龄、护龄、文化程度、职称、被锐器刺伤次数等是标准预防执行的影响因素（P0.05）。结论：职业暴露和职业伤害的情况比较严重，手术室护士对标准预防认知未达到良好水平，职业防护培训效果不理想。年龄小、护龄低、职称低的手术室护士标准预防执行情况好。需加大培训力度，让手术室护士了解标准预防方面的知识，提高护士对标准预防的重视程度，切勿知而不行，降低职业暴露发生率，，控制好医院内感染。
[Abstract]:Objective:To understand the present situation of blood source occupational exposure, standard prevention cognition and implementation of nurses in operating room of Grade 3A Hospital in Changchun, so as to enable management to strengthen their understanding, put forward corresponding management countermeasures and training items, and improve the compliance of nurses with standard prevention.So as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.Methods:From April 2012 to July 2012, three Grade 3A hospitals in Changchun were selected by using convenience sampling. The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the cognition and implementation of standard prevention for registered nurses.The contents of the investigation included the basic situation of individual, the occupational exposure and infection of blood source of nurses, the cognition of standard prevention of nurses in operating room, and the practice of standard prevention.Results:A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, 169 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 84.5%.Women accounted for 91.7% of the survey subjects, and the largest number of undergraduate students in the academic background was 43.6%.The longest was 34 years with an average of 9.92 卤8.89 years.56.8 nurses received standard prevention training and 43.2 nurses did not receive standard prevention training.The needle stab injury occurred more than 3 times in 46 persons in one year.The main reason of blood-induced occupational exposure was that the occupational exposure was too frequent to prevent and the most important reason to affect wearing goggles was that it was uncomfortable to take up 45.4%.The standard preventive cognition had the highest score of 7 and the lowest of 3.Standard prevention implementation of the highest 79 points, the lowest 51 points.Age, nursing age, education level, professional title were not the factors influencing standard preventive cognition (P0.05), training situation was the influencing factor of standard preventive cognition (P0.05) age, nursing age, education level, professional title, etc.The number of punctures by sharp instruments is the influencing factor of standard prevention execution.Conclusion:The situation of occupational exposure and occupational injury was serious, the cognition of standard prevention of nurses in operating room was not good, and the effect of occupational protection training was not satisfactory.The operating room nurses with small age, low nursing age and low professional title were well implemented.It is necessary to strengthen the training to let the nurses in the operating room know the knowledge of the standard prevention, to improve the attention of the nurses to the standard prevention, not to know but not to fail, to reduce the incidence of occupational exposure and to control the nosocomial infection.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R13

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