医学生营养知识、态度、行为与营养状况研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 02:33

本文选题：医学生　切入点：营养知识　出处：《华中科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:了解医学生的营养知识、态度、行为与营养状况，及时发现存在的问题，并提出可行的建议，，为进一步开展营养教育、提高医学生的健康水平提供科学依据。方法:采用分层随机抽样的方法抽取同济医学院325名在校本科大学生作为研究对象，应用自行设计的调查表对医学生进行营养知识、态度、行为与营养状况的调查。测量身高、体重，采用体质指数评价学生的现时营养状况。收回有效问卷307份，有效率为94.46%。采用EpiData3.1软件建立数据库，用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析。结果:1.医学生营养知识总知晓率为58.75%；营养知识平均得分为（11.84±2.76）分，判定为低分，营养知识平均得分女生高于男生，城镇生源学生高于农村生源学生，已学组学生高于未学组学生，差异均有统计学意义（P0.05）；营养知识得分为低分、中等分、高分三个等级的学生比例分别为39.09%，54.72%，6.19%；学生营养知识主要来源于书报杂志、网络等大众传播媒介。 2.医学生想了解更多的营养知识的占83.06%，愿意为了健康改变不良饮食习惯的占83.39%。 3.医学生不能保证每天吃早餐的占51.14%；每天喝碳酸饮料的占4.23%；有吃零食习惯的高达97.72%；有吃夜宵习惯的高达89.58%；饮酒率为58.96%；服用最多的营养补充剂是维生素制剂；选择食物的主要依据是口味或饮食习惯的高达77.20%，而不是依据食物的营养价值。 4.医学生营养不良率高达21.50%，超重和肥胖率为6.84%，女生营养不良率显著高于男生，而超重和肥胖率显著低于男生（P0.05）；不同生源学生营养状况差异无统计学意义（P0.05）；已学组学生营养不良、超重和肥胖率均显著低于未学组学生（P0.05）。结论:1.医学生对营养知识缺乏了解，总体掌握情况不甚理想。营养课程、性别、生源是学生营养知识得分的主要影响因素。 2.大多数医学生具有良好的营养态度，对了解更多的营养知识，改变不良的饮食习惯均有一定的积极性。 3.医学生普遍存在许多不良的饮食行为。 4.医学生的营养状况问题值得重视，有待改善。 5.营养课程教育可以提高医学生的营养知识水平。医学生的营养知识水平可以纠正一些不良饮食行为，进而改善其营养状况。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the nutrition knowledge, attitude, behavior and nutritional status of medical students, find out the existing problems in time, and put forward some feasible suggestions to provide scientific basis for further developing nutrition education and improving the health level of medical students.Methods: 325 undergraduate students in Tongji Medical College were selected by stratified random sampling, and the nutritional knowledge, attitude, behavior and nutritional status of medical students were investigated by self-designed questionnaire.Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was used to evaluate the current nutritional status of the students.307 valid questionnaires were collected and the effective rate was 94.46.EpiData3.1 software is used to establish database and SPSS18.0 software is used for statistical analysis.The result is 1: 1.The total awareness rate of nutritional knowledge of medical students was 58.75, the average score of nutritional knowledge was 11.84 卤2.76), the average score of nutritional knowledge was higher in girls than in boys, the students in cities and towns were higher than those in rural areas, and the students in the school group were higher than those in the uneducated group.The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the proportion of students with low, medium and high scores of nutrition knowledge was 39.09 and 54.72 and 6.19.The nutritional knowledge of students mainly came from the mass media, such as books, newspapers and magazines, network and so on.2.Medical students want to know more about nutrition in 83.06 and 83.39in order to change their unhealthy eating habits.3.The percentage of medical students who could not guarantee breakfast every day was 51.14; those who drank carbonated drinks every day accounted for 4.23; those who had the habit of snacking were as high as 97.72; those who had the habit of eating supper were as high as 89.58; the drinking rate was 58.96; the most nutritious supplement was vitamin preparation;Food selection is mainly based on taste or eating habits as high as 77.20, rather than on the nutritional value of the food.4.The malnutrition rate of medical students was as high as 21.50, the rate of overweight and obesity was 6.84. The malnutrition rate of female students was significantly higher than that of boys, while the rate of overweight and obesity was significantly lower than that of boys (P 0.05).The rates of overweight and obesity were significantly lower than those of uneducated students (P 0.05).Conclusion 1.Medical students lack understanding of nutrition knowledge, the overall grasp of the situation is not very good.Nutrition course, sex and student origin are the main influencing factors of students' nutritional knowledge score.2.Most medical students have good nutrition attitude and have certain enthusiasm to know more nutrition knowledge and change bad eating habits.3.Many unhealthy eating behaviors are common among medical students.4.The nutritional status of medical students deserves attention and needs to be improved.5.Nutrition course education can improve the level of nutrition knowledge of medical students.The level of nutritional knowledge of medical students can correct some unhealthy eating behaviors and then improve their nutritional status.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R153

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