职业接触二甲苯生物限值的研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 20:39

本文选题：二甲苯　切入点：甲基马尿酸　出处：《武汉科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：背景我国职业卫生亟待解决的重要问题之一就是预防职业性二甲苯接触损伤。为了保护劳动者的健康,欧美许多国家颁布了二甲苯的职业接触限值,同时相应地制订了检测工作场所空气中二甲苯的方法,定期进行职业环境监测来评价劳动者二甲苯的暴露程度。2006年美国ACGIH推荐的职业接触二甲苯的BEI为工作周末班末尿MHA为1.5g/gCr。2008年德国DFG推荐的生物接触耐受量BAT值为接触末或班末尿中MHA2.0g/L。欧美国家均有职业接触二甲苯尿中甲基马尿酸的生物限值及其检测参考方法,而我国只有工作场所空气中二甲苯的时间加权平均容许浓度(PC-TWA)为50mg/m3,短时间接触容许浓度(PC-STEL)为100mg/m3,尿中甲基马尿酸的生物接触限值还没有制定,武汉科科技大学医学院和武汉市职业病防治院联合向国家卫生部职业卫生标准专业委员会申请了“职业接触二甲苯尿中甲基马尿酸生物限值及其检测方法研究”项目的研制工作,项目编号为20110206。因此建立职业接触二甲苯尿中甲基马尿酸的生物接触限值具有重要的实际意义。目的建立我国职业接触二甲苯尿中甲基马尿酸的生物接触限值。方法选择非职业接触二甲苯的工人作为本研究要用的尿样基质,运用合适的预处理方法,采用ODS C18柱、柱温35℃、室温25℃、波长230nm和流动相：甲醇：0.4%的冰醋酸(33：67,V/V)等色谱条件对样品中的甲基马尿酸进行定性定量分析。配制不同浓度MHA标准系列,通过绘制标准曲线,求证测定方法的线性范围；配制三种浓度的MHA尿样,经加标回收检测,计算本方法的回收率；通过不同时间测平行样的MHA浓度,计算精密度。以现场流行病学调查、检测人体积累的内剂量与健康效应关系资料作为依据,研究生物材料检测值与工作场所空气中化学物浓度关系的基础上建立生物限值。通过对使用二甲苯的3个企业进行卫生学调查和现场二甲苯浓度检测,对接触不同剂量二甲苯的人群进行尿中甲基马尿酸的检测,结合职业流行病学调查,找出了工作场所空气中二甲苯浓度与接触者尿中甲基马尿酸浓度的关系,推荐了尿中甲基马尿酸的生物接触限值。结果运用高效液相色谱法检测职业暴露人群尿中的MHA,该方法的检出限和最低检出浓度为o-MHA:4.59μg/ml；m-MHA:4.33μg/ml；p-MHA:4.54μg/ml,标准曲线的线性范围为0.025～1.0mg/ml;精密度(RSD)2.0～9.7%；准确度用加标回收率表示为91.4～101.4%。调查研究显示,工人班末尿MHA的含量与工作场所空气中二甲苯浓度(TWA)有相关性,以尿中MHA浓度(g/g肌酐)对工作场所空气中二甲苯浓度(mg/m3)作回归分析,回归方程为：Y=0.0052X+0.0112(r=0.731,n=57,p0.001)。将班末尿MHA与工人二甲苯暴露浓度相关作的直线回归方程与国外6个研究的直线回归方程进行比较,并以我国二甲苯接触限值PC-TWA=50mg/m3带入各回归方程,推算的工作班末尿中MHA含量,各回归方程得到的尿MHA含量预测值分别为：0.271g/g、Cr0.203g/L、0.181g/L、0.209g/L、0.229g/L、0.230g/g Cr、0.161g/g Cr,在0.161～0.271g/gCr(g/L)之间。结论按照我国现行的工作场所空气中二甲苯TWA值推算,研究结果显示,当工人暴露在浓度为50mg/m3的二甲苯空气环境中时,体内约代谢出0.271g/g肌酐的甲基马尿酸。参考国内外文献数据,建议我国职业接触二甲苯班后尿中MHA的生物限值为0.3g/g肌酐。
[Abstract]:One of the important background of occupation health in China to be solved is to prevent the occupation of exposure to xylene. In order to protect the health of workers, many countries in Europe and the United States promulgated the occupation contact xylene limit, the developed method of air detection of xylene in workplace, regular occupation of environmental monitoring to evaluate the workers exposed to xylene occupation contact the degree of.2006 xylene ACGIH recommended BEI to work at the weekend end shift urine MHA for biological contact tolerance of 1.5g/gCr.2008 in Germany BAT DFG recommended values for the contact end or class MHA2.0g/L. in urine were exposed to xylene in Europe and the United States occupation urinary methylhippuric acid biological limit detection and reference method, but in our country only workplace the air in the xylene time weighted average concentration (PC-TWA) of 50mg/m3, STEL (PC-STEL) For 100mg/m3, the urinary methylhippuric acid biological exposure limit has not been established, the Wuhan science and Technology University Medical College and Wuhan city occupation disease prevention and control center jointly to the national Ministry of health occupation health standard of Specialized Committee for the "occupation exposure to xylene urinary methylhippuric acid biological limit and detection research methods of research projects, Project No. biological exposure limit 20110206. so the establishment of occupation exposure to xylene urinary methylhippuric acid value has important practical significance.
Objective to establish xylene in urine of China's occupation of the methyl hippuric acid contact biological exposure limits.
Methods the urine matrix non occupation workers exposed to xylene as the research to use, use the appropriate pretreatment method, using ODS C18 column, the column temperature at room temperature 35 C, 25 C, 230nm wavelength and mobile phase: methanol: 0.4% acetic acid (33:67, V/V) and other chromatographic conditions on samples of methyl hippuric acid was used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. With different concentrations of MHA standard series, by drawing the standard curve, verify the linear range of determination method; with three concentration of MHA samples, the recovery test, recovery of this method was calculated; the concentration of MHA in different time by measuring parallel samples, the calculation precision.
The epidemiological survey, the dose effect relationship and health information detection of human accumulation as the basis for the study of biological material detection value in the basic relations of chemical concentrations in the workplace air and a biological limit value. Through the study of Health Survey and field xylene concentration detection of 3 enterprises using xylene, were detected in the urine of methyl the hippuric acid exposed to different doses of xylene with the occupation population, epidemiological investigation, find out the relationship between the concentration of methyl hippuric acid in urine and the concentration of xylene in the air of workplace contacts, recommended urinary methylhippuric acid biological exposure limit. Results using the HPLC method for the determination of occupation population exposed to urinary MHA, detection limit and the minimum detectable concentration of the method is o-MHA:4.59 g/ml; m-MHA:4.33 g/ml; p-MHA:4.54 g/ml, the linear range of standard curve was 0.025 To 1.0mg/ml, the precision (RSD) is 2 ~ 9.7%, and the recovery rate of the accuracy is 91.4 ~ 101.4%.
The investigation shows that workers end shift urine MHA content and concentration of xylene in the air of workplace (TWA) is related to the concentration of MHA in the urine (g/g creatinine) in the air of workplace xylene concentration (mg/m3) and regression analysis, the regression equation is: Y=0.0052X+0.0112 (r= 0.731, n=57, p0.001) will be at the end of class. Urinary MHA and xylene exposure concentration for workers related to the linear regression equation with 6 foreign research on the linear regression equation is compared with China's xylene exposure limit of PC-TWA=50mg/m3 into the regression equation, calculate the working class in urine MHA content values were predictive of urinary MHA in each regression equation: 0.271g/g. Cr0.203g/L, 0.181g/L, 0.209g/L, 0.229g/L, 0.230g/g Cr, 0.161g/g Cr, in 0.161 ~ 0.271g/gCr (g/L).
Conclusions according to China's current in the air of workplace xylene TWA value calculation, the results of the study showed that when the concentration of workers exposed to xylene in the air environment 50mg/m3, about 0.271g/g in vivo metabolism of creatinine. Methyl hippuric acid refers to the domestic and foreign literature data suggest that our country occupation exposure to xylene in urine after class MHA biological limit value 0.3g/g serum creatinine.

【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R131

【参考文献】