电磁场对视觉系统和神经系统细胞DNA双链断裂的影响

发布时间：2018-04-12 13:49

本文选题：射频电磁场 + 工频电磁场　；参考：《浙江大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着电力事业和无线通讯技术的快速发展,环境中工频和射频电磁场的暴露时间、强度和范围与日俱增,公众对其可能的健康影响日益关注。虽然有流行病学研究显示电磁场与某些肿瘤的发生相关,但研究结果不一致,并缺乏实验室证据的支持。由于DNA损伤与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,因此,电磁场对DNA的损伤效应研究成为了电磁场危险度评估中的热点问题。然而,目前有关电磁场对DNA损伤作用的实验室研究结果很不一致,究其原因,可能与研究者采用的研究方法、研究模型等不同有关。我们认为,作为一种环境物理性“弱”作用因素,必须采用更灵敏的方法和系统的研究策略,才有可能真实地揭示电磁场的效应。因此,本学位论文采用DNA双链断裂的“金标准”——γH2AX焦点形成分析技术,以视觉系统和神经系统的代表性细胞——人眼晶状体上皮细胞(HLEC)、SD大鼠小胶质细胞(Microglia)和人脑胶质瘤细胞(U251)为研究对象,初步评价了电磁场对视觉系统和神经系统的代表性细胞DNA双链断裂的影响。将上述细胞分别暴露于4W/kg的1800MHz GSM (Global system for mobile communications,全球移动通讯系统)射频电磁场和2mT的50Hz工频磁场0.5-24小时,采用yH2AX焦点免疫荧光成像法检测其yH2AX焦点形成情况。结果显示：与假辐照组相比,4W/kg的1800MHz GSM射频电磁场辐照24小时后,U251细胞yH2AX平均焦点数降低(p0.05)；不同时间射频电磁场辐照Microglia与HLEC细胞,未能引起细胞yH2AX平均焦点数、yH2AX阳性细胞率和yH2AX焦点分段分布率的变化(p0.05)；此外,2mT的50Hz工频磁场辐照未能引起U251、Microglia和HLEC细胞的yH2AX焦点的变化(p0.05)。根据以上研究结果,我们认为在本实验条件下：1)电磁场对HLEC和Microglia的DNA双链断裂没有影响；2)1800MHz GSM射频电磁场辐照24小时降低了U251细胞中的yH2AX平均焦点数,射频电磁场引起该效应的作用机制及其和卫生学意义有待于进一步研究。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of power industry and wireless communication technology, the exposure time, intensity and range of power frequency and radio frequency electromagnetic field in the environment are increasing, and the public is paying more and more attention to its possible health effects.Although epidemiological studies have shown that electromagnetic fields are associated with the occurrence of certain tumors, the results are inconsistent and lack laboratory evidence.Because DNA damage is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor, the study of electromagnetic field damage effect on DNA has become a hot issue in electromagnetic field risk assessment.However, the results of laboratory studies on the effects of electromagnetic fields on DNA damage are very inconsistent. The reasons may be related to the different research methods and models used by researchers.We think that as a kind of environmental physical "weak" action factor, we must adopt more sensitive methods and systematic research strategies in order to truly reveal the effect of electromagnetic field.Therefore, this dissertation adopts the "gold standard"-纬-H2AX focus formation analysis technique of DNA double strand breakage.The typical cells of the visual system and nervous system, human lens epithelial cells (HLECE), microglia of SD rats and human glioma cell U251) were studied.The effects of electromagnetic fields on the DNA double strand breaks in the representative cells of the visual system and nervous system were preliminarily evaluated.The cells were exposed to 1800MHz GSM system for mobile communications (global mobile communication system) of 4W/kg and 50Hz of 2mT for 0.5 to 24 hours, respectively. YH2AX focal immunofluorescence imaging was used to detect the formation of yH2AX focus.The results showed that the mean yH2AX focal point number of U251 cells was decreased by 4W / kg 1800MHz GSM radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) for 24 hours compared with that of false irradiation group, and the mean yH2AX focal point number of U251 cells was decreased by RF-EMF irradiation at different times.The changes of the cell yH2AX mean focal number and the distribution rate of yH2AX focus segment were not induced (p 0.05), and the change of yH2AX focus of U251 microglia and HLEC cells was not induced by 2mT 50Hz power frequency magnetic field irradiation (P 0.05).Based on the above results, we believe that under this experimental condition, there is no effect on the DNA double strand breaks of HLEC and Microglia under the condition of 1: 1) GSM radiofrequency electromagnetic field irradiation at 21800MHz for 24 hours can reduce the average number of yH2AX focal points in U251 cells.The mechanism of the effect caused by RF electromagnetic field and its hygienic significance need to be further studied.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R142

【参考文献】