2012年广西龙江河镉污染后柳州市备用水源卫生状况调查及对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 21:21

本文选题：水源水 + 备用水源　；参考：《现代预防医学》2015年15期

【摘要】：目的了解2012年广西龙江河镉污染后,柳州市备用水源(非使用市政管网自来水的水源水)的卫生状况,为政府部门制定政策提供科学依据。方法采用现场检查,风险评估调查和抽样检测相结合的方法,对分布在柳州市各城区的97个备用水源的卫生现状进行调查,调查结果数据用Excel录入建库分析。同时随机采集97个备用水源点中的83份水样进行检测。结果本市备用水源饮用水总体合格率为26.8%,与同期市政管网出厂水水质合格率(100%)相比差别有统计学意义(χ2=103.69,P0.01);自备水井中深层井水质检测合格率明显高于浅层井(χ2=6.75,P0.01);水源防护好的水源点水质检测合格率明显高于水源防护差的(χ2=6.5,P0.05);有消毒措施水源点7个,占调查总数的7.22%,有消毒措施水源点水质检测合格率明显高于无消毒措施水源点(χ2=5.4,P0.05);在水质检测不合格指标中,微生物超标率明显高于理化超标率(χ2=15.47,P0.01)。结论柳州市可作为备用水源的井水由于卫生管理不善、井深太浅、无消毒措施、卫生防护差的因素,水源水受生物性污染较严重,一旦启用,饮水卫生存在较大健康安全隐患。市政府应组织专家小组对备用水源实施风险评估后进行分类,供城区居民在应急状态下按分类作优先合理使用。政府应重视加大财政投入,加强各相关部门配合,加大对农村饮用水卫生监督执法力度,加强对农村饮用水水质检测工作,提高卫生质量,保障饮用水卫生与安全。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the sanitary status of the spare water (not using tap water of municipal pipe network) in Liuzhou after cadmium pollution of Longjiang River in 2012 so as to provide scientific basis for government departments to make policies.Methods the sanitary status of 97 spare water sources distributed in Liuzhou city was investigated by the methods of field inspection, risk assessment investigation and sampling test. The data of the investigation were analyzed by Excel.At the same time, 83 water samples were collected randomly from 97 water sources.Results the overall qualified rate of drinking water was 26.8cm, which was significantly higher than that of the municipal pipe network (蠂 2 103.69g P 0.01), and the qualified rate of water quality in deep wells was significantly higher than that in shallow wells (蠂 2 66.75g P 0.01).The qualified rate of water quality detection in the protected water source sites was significantly higher than that in the poor water source protection sites (蠂 ~ 26.5g / p 0.05), and there were 7 water source sites with disinfection measures.The qualified rate of water quality in water source sites with disinfection measures was significantly higher than that without disinfection measures (蠂 ~ 2 ~ (2) ~ (4)) (P ~ (0.05)), and the rate of microorganism exceeding standard was obviously higher than that of physical and chemical ones (蠂 ~ (2) (15.47) P _ (0.01)) among the unqualified indexes of water quality detection.Conclusion the well water of Liuzhou City can be used as a reserve water source because of poor sanitary management, shallow well depth, no disinfection measures and poor sanitary protection. The source water is seriously polluted by biology. Once it is used, there is a big health and safety hidden danger in drinking water sanitation.The municipal government should organize a group of experts to carry out the risk assessment of the reserve water source and classify it for the urban residents to use according to the classification in the emergency state.The government should pay more attention to increasing financial input, strengthen the cooperation of all relevant departments, strengthen the supervision and enforcement of rural drinking water sanitation, strengthen the inspection of drinking water quality in rural areas, improve the quality of sanitation, and ensure the sanitation and safety of drinking water.
【作者单位】：广西柳州市卫生监督所;柳州市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：R123.1

【参考文献】