基于ICMM风险评估技术的某电镀企业职业健康风险的定量定性评估研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 01:28

本文选题：职业健康 + 风险评估　；参考：《中国卫生工程学》2016年06期

【摘要】：目的评估某电镀企业职业健康风险,并研究评估方法的适用性。方法采用ICMM风险评估技术中定性评估矩阵和定量评估模型对某电镀企业工人的职业健康风险进行评估;利用职业健康检查结果验证评估结果准确性;并从危害因素种类、暴露途径等角度分析方法适用性。结果镀铬岗位吸入铬酸盐的风险等级RR值为900和1 800,有极高的致铬鼻病和肺癌的健康风险;其他岗位吸入其他职业病危害因素无风险或低风险。结论 ICMM风险评估技术能评估出该电镀企业职业健康风险,但定量评估模型能高估实际为低风险岗位的职业健康风险,而定性评估矩阵能低估实际为高风险岗位的职业健康风险。针对电镀企业职业健康风险岗位应采取工艺改进、加强防护和职业卫生管理等措施降低职业健康风险。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the occupational health risk of an electroplating enterprise and to study the applicability of the evaluation method.Methods using qualitative evaluation matrix and quantitative evaluation model in ICMM risk assessment technology to evaluate occupational health risk of electroplating workers, using the results of occupational health inspection to verify the accuracy of the evaluation results, and according to the types of hazard factors.The applicability of the method was analyzed from the point of view of exposure pathway.Results the RR values of chromate inhalation were 900 and 1,800 in chromium-plated jobs, which had a high risk of chromium nose disease and lung cancer, and no or low risk of other occupational hazards in other jobs.Conclusion the ICMM risk assessment technique can evaluate the occupational health risk of the electroplating enterprise, but the quantitative assessment model can overestimate the occupational health risk in the actual low risk position.The qualitative assessment matrix can underestimate the occupational health risk in high-risk positions.In view of the occupational health risk posts in electroplating enterprises, some measures should be taken to reduce the occupational health risks, such as technological improvement, strengthening of protection and occupational hygiene management, etc.
【作者单位】：宁波市疾病预防控制中心环境与职业卫生所;浙江省疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：基金项目:美国EPA吸入风险评估模型在职业危害风险评估的技术应用研究(2013KYA042)
【分类号】：R131

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