苏州城区6-12岁儿童发育状况调查及青春发育与体脂肪关系的初步研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 05:13

本文选题：身高 + 体重　；参考：《苏州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的国内外研究表明在过去的30年间，女孩青春期的出现的年龄呈提前的趋势，随着营养状况的改善，肥胖率的上升是此趋势提前的一个重要原因[1]。本研究调查苏州城区6-12岁儿童发育状况及探讨青春发育与体脂肪的关系，体块指数BM（I体重/身高2）是代表体脂肪的重要指标[2]，即研究青春期与BMI有无一定的相关性。方法在2010年的10月至11月间进行，调查苏州城区6-12岁的6759名健康男孩以及6135名健康女孩。发放调查表，由家长填写出生日期，以及有无慢性系统性疾病，测量观察对象的身高、体重，并记录他们第二性征发育情况。在女孩，采用现况法（视诊及触诊）获取第二性征发育即乳房发育的数据，按Tanner分期标准进行评价；调查女孩是否初潮，回顾法调查初潮日期。在男孩，用睾丸计（Praderorchidometer）测定睾丸容积，以睾丸容积4ml作为青春期启动的标志，即TannerII期，睾丸容积大于等于10ml记为睾丸TannerIII。采用几率单位回归法得到女孩乳房发育Tanner II（B2）和Tanner III（B3）、和男童睾丸发育TannerII呈现的平均年龄、及平均年龄95％可信区间（CI）。在探讨青春发育与体块指数的关系时，采用体块指数的标准差的离差法（BMI Z评分），比较各个年龄段男孩或女孩青春期已启动与未进入青春期的BMI Z评分的平均值，并将各个年龄组观察对象分成正常组、超重组以及肥胖组，并比较各组已进入青春期的比例。结果在此次调查有6134名健康女孩以及6749个健康男孩纳入分析。本研究中女生肥胖患病率11.8%，男生肥胖患病率17.6%，肥胖总患病率14.9%。女孩乳房发育的B2及B3的平均年龄分别是10.19（95%CI:10.13~10.24）岁和10.83（95%CI:10.77~10.85）岁。睾丸发育的TannerII平均年龄是10.88（95%CI10.80~10.94）岁。在整个调查研究中，女童性早熟的比例为1.04%（乳房发育为特征为0.42%，月经来潮为特征为0.62%），男童性早熟的比例为0.81%，总人群性早熟的检出率为0.9%。女孩7-12岁组的已进入青春期的BMI Z评分较未发育组大，除7岁组外，各年龄组均有统计学意义。在6-12岁的各个年龄组，肥胖和超重进入青春期比例均大于正常组，且超重组和正常组之间有统计学意义（P0.001）。男孩8-12岁组的各个年龄组已进入青春期的BMI Z评分较未发育组的大，，其中8岁组、11岁组及12岁组的数据差异有统计学意义（P0.001），9岁组及10岁组数据差异无统计学意义，且正常组、超重组以及肥胖组进入青春期的比例没有统计学意义。结论6-11岁的各个年龄组，本研究的儿童身高及体重平均值均高于2005年全国体质调查的相似人群，与2005-2006年上海城区相似人群接近，女孩青春期发育与体块指数有一定的相关性，男孩青春发育与体块指数的关系不确定。
[Abstract]:Objective in the past 30 years, the onset age of puberty of girls showed an early trend, and with the improvement of nutritional status, the increase of obesity rate was an important reason for this trend [1].This study investigated the developmental status of children aged 6 to 12 years in Suzhou City and explored the relationship between youth development and body fat. Body mass index (BM(I) weight / height 2) was an important indicator of body fat, that is to say, there was a certain correlation between puberty and BMI.Methods from October to November 2010, 6759 healthy boys and 6135 healthy girls aged 6 to 12 years were investigated in Suzhou City.Questionnaires were given to parents to fill out the date of birth and whether they had a chronic systemic disease. The height and weight of the subjects were measured and their secondary sexual development was recorded.In girls, the data of secondary sexual development or breast development were obtained by using the method of visual examination and palpation, and evaluated according to the Tanner staging criteria, and the dates of menarche were investigated by retrospective method in order to investigate whether the girls had menarche.In boys, testicular volume was measured by testicular count (4ml) and testicular volume (4ml) was used as a marker of puberty initiation, i.e., in TannerII stage, testicular volume greater than or equal to 10ml was recorded as testicular Tanner III.The mean age and 95% confidence interval of female breast development Tanner IIIB 2) and Tanner II I B 3, and male testicular TannerII were obtained by probabilistic unit regression method.In order to explore the relationship between puberty development and body mass index, the BMI Z scores of boys and girls of all ages were compared by using the deviation method of body mass index standard deviation to compare the average of BMI Z scores between boys and girls who had started puberty and did not enter puberty.Each age group was divided into normal group, hyperrecombination group and obesity group, and the proportion of puberty was compared among each group.Results 6134 healthy girls and 6 749 healthy boys were included in the study.In this study, the prevalence of obesity in female students was 11.8, the prevalence rate of obesity in boys was 17.6, and the total prevalence rate of obesity was 14.9%.The average age of B _ 2 and B _ 3 for breast development in girls was 10.19 / 95 CI: 10.13 / 10.24) and 10.83 / 95 / CI: 10.77 / 10.85 respectively.The average age of TannerII for testicular development was 10.8895 CI 10.80 10. 94).In the whole investigation, the proportion of girls with precocious puberty was 1.04 (the characteristic of breast development was 0.42), menstruation was 0.62%, the proportion of boys with precocious puberty was 0.81%, and the detection rate of sex precocious puberty in the whole population was 0.9%.The BMI Z scores of girls aged 7 to 12 were higher than those of undeveloped girls, except for 7 years old, all age groups had statistical significance.In each age group of 6-12 years, the proportion of obese and overweight reaching puberty was higher than that of normal group, and there was statistical significance between hyperrecombination and normal group (P 0.001).The BMI Z scores of boys in 8-12 years old group were higher than those in the undeveloped group. There was no significant difference in the data between the age group of 8 years old and the group of 12 years old. There was no significant difference between the age group of 9 years old and the group of 10 years old, and there was no significant difference in the normal group.There was no significant difference in the rate of puberty in the hyperrecombination and obesity groups.Conclusion the average height and weight of children aged 6 to 11 years in this study are higher than those of the similar population in the 2005 National physical Fitness Survey, and are close to the similar population in Shanghai from 2005 to 2006. There is a certain correlation between puberty development and body mass index in girls.The relationship between youth development and mass index in boys is uncertain.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R153.2

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