铅镉砷对大鼠肝肾的联合毒性研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 03:19

本文选题：铅 + 镉　；参考：《中南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的研究铅、镉、砷对肝脏和肾脏损害的联合作用,并探索新的评价方法,为铅、镉、砷混合暴露及其肝肾损害的评价提供科学依据,.为化学物混合暴露的生物效应指标的联合作用评价提供新思路。方法配制醋酸铅、氯化镉和三氧化二砷染毒饮用水,通过饮水单独和混合染毒,连续80d。收集尿和血等样品,测定肝损伤指标AST、 ALT和肾损伤指标尿β2-MG、NAG、MT水平；电镜观察肾脏超微结构改变。以析因分析和净效应评价法判断三种金属的联合作用类型。结果铅、镉、砷染毒均可使大鼠肾脏脏器系数增大；镉可明显引起AST升高；砷对肾小管的损伤强于铅、镉；铅、镉、砷均对肾小球产生损伤,铅、镉对肾小球的损伤较明显。铅镉联合对ALT、 AST/ALT、血和尿β。-MG及尿MT水平表现为相加作用；对AST和尿NAG为拮抗作用。铅砷联合对AST、ALTAST/ALT、血和尿β2-MG、尿NAG及尿MT表现为相加作用。镉砷联合对AST、ALT、血p2-MG及尿NAG表现为相加作用；对AST/ALT、尿β2-MG及尿MT为拮抗作用。铅镉砷联合对AST、ALT、血β2-MG及尿NAG表现为相加作用；对AST/ALT及尿β2-MG为拮抗作用；对尿MT为协同作用。电镜结果显示,染铅组、染镉组、染砷组、铅镉砷联合染毒组肾脏受到不同程度的损伤,细胞凋亡水平逐渐加重。结论铅、镉、砷均可引起SD大鼠肝脏和肾脏的损伤；铅镉砷之间联合对肝、肾功能指标影响大多表现为相加作用,少数为协同或拮抗作用。图8幅,表9个,参考文献64篇。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the combined effects of lead, cadmium and arsenic on liver and kidney damage, and to explore a new evaluation method to provide scientific basis for the combined exposure of lead, cadmium and arsenic and the assessment of liver and kidney damage.It provides a new idea for the combined action evaluation of biological effect index of chemical mixed exposure.Methods drinking water exposed to lead acetate, cadmium chloride and arsenic trioxide was prepared by drinking water alone and mixed for 80 days.Urine and blood samples were collected, liver injury indexes AST, ALT and urinary 尾 2-MGG NAGN MT were measured, and ultrastructural changes of kidney were observed by electron microscope.The combined action types of three metals were judged by factorial analysis and net effect evaluation.Results the renal organ coefficient of rats was increased by exposure to lead, cadmium and arsenic, and AST was significantly increased by cadmium. The damage of arsenic to renal tubules was stronger than that of lead, cadmium, and arsenic. The damage of lead, cadmium and arsenic to glomeruli was more obvious than that of lead and cadmium.The combined effects of lead and cadmium on alt, AST / alt, blood and urine 尾 .-MG and urinary MT levels were additive and antagonistic to AST and urinary NAG.The combined effects of lead and arsenic on alt / alt, 尾 _ 2-MG, NAG and MT in blood and urine were found to be additive.The combined effects of cadmium and arsenic on alt, serum p2-MG and urinary NAG were additive, and antagonistic to AST / alt, urinary 尾 2-MG and urinary MT.The combination of lead, cadmium and arsenic had additive effects on serum 尾 2-MG and urinary NAG, antagonistic effect on AST/ALT and urinary 尾 2-MG, and synergistic effect on urinary MT.The results of electron microscope showed that the kidney of lead group, cadmium group, arsenic group and lead cadmium arsenic combined group suffered different degrees of damage and the apoptosis level increased gradually.Conclusion lead, cadmium and arsenic can all cause liver and kidney damage in SD rats, and the effects of the combination of lead, cadmium and arsenic on liver and renal function are mostly additive, and a few are synergistic or antagonistic.There are 8 figures, 9 tables and 64 references.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R114

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