我国食品安全损害赔偿制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 11:15

本文选题：食品安全 + 损害赔偿　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在食品安全损害案件中,受损害的消费者无论是遭受到财产方面的损失还是遭受到身体健康方面的受损,都享有向法院请求赔偿、获得救济的权利。这里的“损害赔偿”,既包括对目前已经造成的损害进行补偿,也包括对因为损害事件而产生的后续费用进行赔偿。人们可以根据自己的实际受损情况和不安全食品必然会导致的其他不良后果,向法院提出相关诉讼请求。在市场经济发达的国家,食品安全损害赔偿多是一种惩罚性损害赔偿,这种用以严惩不法生产经营者的手段对保护消费者得合法权益、营造良好的市场经济环境和维护安全的社会秩序具有重要的作用。西方国家对食品安全损害赔偿条款的规定是比较完善的,而我国的相关立法对此项规定却只是最近几年才确定下来,而且还存在着一些不足。因此,我们目前的任务就是要找出食品安全损害赔偿制度立法中存在的问题,并要找出解决这些问题的方法对策。本文首先给予食品安全损害赔偿一个法律的概念,即对《食品安全法》中的损害赔偿进行了法律界定。随后根据相关法条阐述了食品安全损害赔偿民事赔偿责任优先和新确立的惩罚性赔偿制度,即“十倍赔偿”制度,对损害赔偿概念和特征的论述,有利于下文引出损害赔偿的法律价值。随后,笔者通过对2009年新实施的《中华人民共和国食品安全法》第96条和第97条的研究分析,找出我国食品安全损害赔偿制度在适用中存在的主要问题,这些问题包括对相关概念的规定过于笼统和模糊、缺乏现实的可操作性、司法程序对受害者不利等。针对我国食品安全损害赔偿制度立法存在的主要问题,笔者从食品安全的标准、举证责任的倒置等方面提出了一些完善建议。
[Abstract]:In the case of food safety damage, the injured consumer has the right to apply to the court for compensation and relief, regardless of the loss of property or the damage to his health. The term "damages" here includes both compensation for damage that has been caused so far and compensation for subsequent costs incurred as a result of the damage. People can apply to the court based on their actual damage and other adverse consequences of unsafe food. In countries with developed market economies, food safety damages are mostly punitive damages, which are used to severely punish illegal producers and operators to protect consumers' legitimate rights and interests. Building a good market economy environment and maintaining a safe social order play an important role. The provisions of food safety compensation clauses in western countries are quite perfect, but the relevant legislation of our country is only determined in recent years, and there are still some shortcomings. Therefore, our current task is to find out the existing problems in the legislation of food safety damage compensation system, and to find out how to solve these problems. This paper first gives a legal concept of food safety damage compensation, that is, the legal definition of the damage compensation in the Food Safety Law. Then, according to the relevant articles of law, it expounds the priority of civil liability for food safety damages and the newly established system of punitive damages, that is, the system of "ten times compensation", and discusses the concept and characteristics of damages. In favor of the following leads to the legal value of damages. Then, through the research and analysis of articles 96 and 97 of the "Food Safety Law of the people's Republic of China" newly implemented in 2009, the author finds out the main problems existing in the application of the food safety damage compensation system in China. These problems include that the relevant concepts are too general and vague, lack of practical maneuverability, and the judicial procedure is disadvantageous to the victims. In view of the main problems existing in the legislation of food safety damage compensation system in China, the author puts forward some suggestions from the aspects of food safety standard and inversion of the burden of proof.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.16;R155.5

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