中国7城市2农村学前儿童能量摄入调查研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 18:15

本文选题：学前儿童 + 能量摄入　；参考：《营养学报》2015年05期

【摘要】：目的了解我国学前儿童能量摄入水平,食物来源及城乡间差异,为促进学前儿童合理膳食提供科学依据。方法 2011年10月至2012年3月,利用24h膳食回顾法收集我国7城市2农村共计1022名学前儿童的家庭和学校膳食情况,依食物成分表计算其24h内的能量摄入量,并与我国2013版中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量进行比较。结果 (1)总能量摄入均值为6361.2k J/d,达到100%EER的比例为57.2%,城市地区学前儿童能量摄入水平及达到100%EER的比例均高于农村地区(P0.001;P0.001),且不同年龄组内、不同性别内城乡比较也存在较大差异。(2)总碳水化合物供能比为52.9%,脂肪为33.3%,蛋白质为13.7%。其中城市学前儿童脂肪供能比较高(33.2%),碳水化合物供能比相对较低(50.9%),农村地区三大产热物质供能比相对合理。(3)谷类是学前儿童膳食能量的主要来源,其次为动物性食物和油脂,但动物性食物和油脂提供的能量在城乡间存在较大差异,其中城市地区动物性食物提供的能量(1500k J)高于农村地区(515.9k J)(P0.001),油脂来源的能量城市低于农村(677.0/752.2k J),差异有统计学意义(P=0.002)。结论我国7城市2农村学前儿童能量摄入不太合理,城乡间存在较大差异,不同年龄组内情况也不相同,应根据具体情况制定针对性的膳食指导,促进学前儿童的合理膳食和均衡营养。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the level of energy intake, food sources and differences in urban and rural areas of preschool children in China, and to provide scientific basis for promoting reasonable diet for preschool children. Methods from October 2011 to March 2012, the family and school meals of 1022 preschool children in 2 rural areas in 7 cities of China were collected by 24h diet review. The energy intake in 24h was compared with the dietary intake of Chinese residents in the 2013 edition of China. Results (1) the average total energy intake was 6361.2k J/d, and the proportion reached to 100%EER was 57.2%. The energy intake and 100%EER ratio of preschool children in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas (P0.001; P0.001), and different age groups. There are significant differences in urban and rural areas in different sexes. (2) the total carbohydrate supply ratio is 52.9%, fat is 33.3%, protein is 13.7%., and the fat supply energy of urban preschool children is higher (33.2%), carbohydrate supply ratio is relatively lower (50.9%), and the energy supply ratio of three major heat producing substances in rural area is relatively reasonable. (3) cereal is preschool children The main source of dietary energy, followed by animal food and oil, but the energy provided by animal food and oil is different between urban and rural areas, and the energy (1500k J) provided by animal food in urban areas (515.9k J) is higher than that of rural area (515.9k J) (P0.001), the energy city of oil source is lower than that of rural (677.0/752.2k J), and the difference is unified. P=0.002. Conclusion the energy intake of preschool children in 2 rural areas in 7 cities of China is not reasonable. There are great differences between urban and rural areas. The situation in different age groups is different. It is necessary to formulate specific dietary guidance according to the specific conditions to promote the rational diet and balanced nutrition of Preschool children.

【作者单位】：北京大学公共卫生学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(No.81172635)
【分类号】：R151.42

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